The Diary · Chapters
Chapters explained
Chapter companions for The Diary by Samuel Pepys.
Chapter 1
Particulars of the Life of Samuel Pepys
This chapter provides a biographical overview of Samuel Pepys, detailing his family lineage, early career, and rise to prominence as Clerk of the Acts. It covers his appointment to the Navy Office, his work during the Dutch war and the Plague, his role in the Fire of London, and his subsequent parliamentary inquiry. The chapter also explores his family history, his marriage to Elizabeth, and his patronage by Sir Edward Montagu.
Chapter 2
The Diary of Samuel Pepys
The opening of Samuel Pepys' diary, introducing his life in London and his work at the Navy Office, with early entries detailing his domestic and professional affairs.
Chapter 3
January 1659–60
Pepys opens the new year reflecting on his health, household, and the uncertain political state of the Rump Parliament, with General Monk in Scotland and Lambert out of favor. He navigates daily life in London—attending sermons, visiting family, borrowing money, and socializing—while closely following the political maneuvers and rumors that hint at the impending Restoration.
Chapter 4
February 1659–60
Pepys records the political turmoil of February 1659–60, including mutinies by soldiers demanding pay, the readmission of secluded members to Parliament, and General Monk's maneuvering. He manages his finances, collects money for Lord Sandwich, visits taverns and plays, and prepares his brother John for Cambridge.
Chapter 5
March 1659–60
Pepys prepares for his sea voyage with Lord Sandwich, managing naval affairs, personal finances, and his wife's lodging. He navigates political shifts as Parliament votes to end its session and Monk is made a General at Sea. The chapter captures Pepys's daily routines, social interactions, and reflections on health and ambition.
Chapter 6
April 1660
Pepys prepares to sail with Lord Sandwich on the Nazeby, receiving a private list of ships and noting efforts to exclude Anabaptists. He hears rumors of the King's return and General Monk's role, while managing his cabin, dispatching letters, and feeling heavy-hearted about his wife's absence. The month ends with political maneuvering, music, and merrymaking aboard ship.
Chapter 7
May 1660
In May 1660, Samuel Pepys records the joyous and politically charged atmosphere aboard the fleet as news of the Restoration of Charles II arrives. The chapter details the fleet's celebration, the King's declaration from Breda, the voyage to bring the King back to England, and the triumphant landing at Dover. Pepys also notes personal milestones, including his recovery from the stone and his growing confidence with Lord Sandwich.
Chapter 8
June 1660
Pepys records the joyful aftermath of the King's return, his own rising fortunes at sea and in London, and the political and social maneuvering of Lord Sandwich and other courtiers. He settles into his new house, manages naval business, and enjoys the first fruits of patronage.
Chapter 9
July 1660
Pepys secures his patent as Clerk of the Acts, moves into his new Navy Office lodgings, and navigates the early days of the Restoration court, all while managing his finances, his wife, and his growing responsibilities.
Chapter 10
August 1660
Pepys navigates his new duties at the Privy Seal Office, balancing naval administration with personal financial gain. He receives £40 in fees, is offered £1,000 for his clerkship, and deals with his wife's recurring illness. The chapter includes social visits, a first attendance at Common Prayer at St. Margaret's, and a play at the Cockpit.
Chapter 11
September 1660
Pepys manages Lord Sandwich's departure for the Downs, settles accounts, deals with office duties, and mourns the death of the Duke of Gloucester. He also finalizes the sale of his house, attends a Spanish ambassador's audience, and enjoys social dinners.
Chapter 12
October 1660
Pepys manages his household renovations, navigates naval office duties, and observes the political and social scene in Restoration London. He dines with Lord Sandwich, hears gossip about the Duke of York's scandal, witnesses the display of executed regicides' remains, and prepares for Lord Sandwich's voyage to fetch the Queen.
Chapter 13
November 1660
Pepys navigates his new role as Clerk of the Acts, dealing with naval finances, attending the first candle auction, and managing domestic tensions with his wife Elizabeth. He also secures a large sum of money for Lord Sandwich, visits his father's family, and observes the gradual reintroduction of Common Prayer in church.
Chapter 14
December 1660
In December 1660, Samuel Pepys navigates his domestic life, naval duties, and social engagements. He deals with household discipline, paints his parlour, and celebrates Christmas. He participates in naval administration discussions about seamen's pay, visits Woolwich to see a sunken ship, and manages his finances, sealing his first £200. He also notes the death of the Princess Royal and rumors of her marriage.
Chapter 15
January 1660–61
Pepys reflects on his settled life in the Navy Office, his growing prosperity, and the political landscape of the newly restored monarchy. The chapter covers New Year's festivities, his dealings with Lord Sandwich, visits to the theatre, and the public fear of Fifth Monarchy Men uprisings.
Chapter 16
February 1660–61
Pepys navigates naval office politics, social engagements, and personal finances. He dines with family and colleagues, attends plays, chooses Valentines, and notes rumors about the King's marriage and coronation preparations. He also settles accounts with Lord Sandwich, securing a £60 bill for his sea service.
Chapter 17
March 1660–61
Pepys records a busy period of naval administration, social visits, and theatre-going. He resolves a dispute over the purveyor's place, dines with colleagues, and attends plays including 'Love's Mistress', 'King and No King', and 'The Bondman'. He notes political tensions over the London election of Anabaptist MPs and the anti-Bishop sentiment. Personal matters include his wife's new teeth, his own stone anniversary, and beginning work on his stairs. He also borrows money and secures a bond for £500.
Chapter 18
April 1661
Pepys juggles work at the Privy Seal, supervising workmen on his house, and family tensions between his father and mother over maids. He attends plays, observes the Duke of York playing pall-mall, and witnesses the King's grand procession from the Tower to Whitehall for the coronation. The chapter ends with Pepys preparing to travel to Portsmouth.
Chapter 19
May 1661
Pepys travels to Portsmouth and back, overseeing naval business, enjoying inns where royalty recently stayed, and attending to his household. He returns to London, deals with office politics, attends a christening as godfather, and witnesses the public burning of Commonwealth acts.
Chapter 20
June 1661
Pepys navigates naval administration, personal finances, and social engagements while preparing for Lord Sandwich's voyage. He secures a £300 cloth order for Barbary gifts, enjoys a farewell salute from Lord Sandwich's ship, and deals with office money shortages. The chapter includes visits to the theater, bowling, music, and a drunken night with Sir W. Penn.
Chapter 21
July 1661
Pepys navigates personal and professional affairs: he attends the opera, deals with the death of his uncle Robert, manages estate matters at Brampton, and returns to London to resume office duties and social engagements.
Chapter 22
August 1661
Pepys travels to Cambridge and Impington to discuss his uncle's will with Roger Pepys, attends the Assizes, and returns to London. He continues his naval office duties, visits the theatre, deals with family matters including his brother Tom's potential marriage, and notes the serious illness of General Monk and a widespread fever. He also spends time with his wife Elizabeth, his father, and various acquaintances, and expresses concern about his own distraction with plays.
Chapter 23
September 1661
Pepys deals with household repairs, social merrymaking, and the complexities of naval politics. He attends plays, manages family obligations including an aunt's burial, and prepares for a journey to Gravely Court. Concerns about Lord Sandwich's position at sea and the vices of the court are discussed.
Chapter 24
October 1661
In October 1661, Pepys records daily life, including his wife Elizabeth beginning singing lessons, attending plays, borrowing his first money on bond, dealing with family estate matters, and visiting the Theatre. He also notes political rumors about the French ambassador and the King's finances, inspects a ship at Deptford, and reflects on the troubles of managing servants and household affairs.
Chapter 25
November 1661
Pepys records a month of social engagements, naval administration, and domestic life. He dines with Sir W. Penn, attends plays, and deals with office business. He beats his servant Wayneman for a gunpowder accident, discusses finances with his wife and Lady Sandwich, and visits a gaming house and dancing school for the first time. He also waits upon the Duke of York and worries about his expenses.
Chapter 26
December 1661
In December 1661, Pepys records his daily life, including church attendance, social visits, and naval office work. He dines with friends, attends plays, and deals with household disputes. He also notes the arrest of old statesmen on suspicion of a plot, and continues his efforts to secure a wife for his brother Tom. The month ends with Christmas celebrations and a dinner with Exchequer acquaintances.
Chapter 27
January 1661–62
Pepys navigates personal and professional life in early 1662, dealing with domestic mishaps, social engagements, and naval office duties. He attends plays, dines with Lady Sandwich, manages family disputes over Tom's marriage, and faces financial anxieties. The chapter also touches on the execution of King Charles I's murderers and the ongoing threat of Turkish piracy to English shipping.
Chapter 28
February 1661–62
Pepys balances domestic improvements with naval office duties, receives news of the destruction of the mole at Algiers, attends a festive wedding dinner, deals with legal troubles from a man named Field, and begins composing songs. He also navigates family tensions over annuities and office politics.
Chapter 29
March 1661–62
Pepys records his daily activities, including office work, social visits, and personal reflections. He notes the passage of the chimney tax by Parliament, hears news of the capture of regicides by Sir George Downing, and deals with various naval and domestic affairs.
Chapter 30
April 1662
In April 1662, Pepys balances naval administration, social outings, and domestic life. He attends plays, visits the Wardrobe, and pays off ships at Deptford and Portsmouth. He deals with office politics, plans house renovations, and prepares for his wife's trip to Brampton. The chapter captures his ambition, his interactions with naval officials, and his enjoyment of entertainment and company.
Chapter 31
May 1662
Pepys returns from Portsmouth, deals with naval and personal affairs, visits the Tower with Lady Sandwich's children, has his portrait painted, attends plays, and learns of the Queen's arrival. He also navigates tensions with Sir W. Penn and hears of Mr. Coventry's appointment as a Navy Commissioner.
Chapter 32
June 1662
In June 1662, Pepys navigates a busy month of naval administration, personal finance, and social engagements. He deals with conflicts at the Navy Office, notably a dispute with Sir William Penn over contract duties, and oversees the safe storage of crusados. He visits the Wardrobe, attends church, and enjoys outings with his wife and friends. The chapter also touches on the Queen's reception in London, the execution of Sir Henry Vane, and Pepys's growing interest in his work.
Chapter 33
July 1662
Pepys is deeply engaged in naval administration, inspecting the Deptford yard, paying off the Royal James, and uncovering abuses. He begins learning mathematics from Cooper, deals with domestic renovations, and notes the scandalous separation of Lord and Lady Castlemaine. He also sees his wife Elizabeth off to Bugden and continues his diligent work at the office.
Chapter 34
August 1662
Pepys records his daily activities, including a trip to Chatham, attendance at the theatre, and various naval and personal business. He deals with headaches, physical pain, and domestic concerns, while also engaging in social and professional interactions with figures like Mr. Coventry and Lord Sandwich.
Chapter 35
September 1662
Pepys begins the month with his first meeting at St. James's by the Duke's order, moves his goods out of Sir W. Penn's house, and deals with various naval administrative duties including paying off the Breda and selling hulks. He enjoys music with Will Howe, discusses political and religious tensions with Dr. Fairbrother, and attends the Trinity House dinner. He also worries about his lodgings and a lost key, and receives news from his wife about troublesome servants.
Chapter 36
October 1662
Pepys balances domestic improvements, naval office duties, and family legal affairs while navigating court gossip about the King's favorites, the Dunkirk sale, and a suspected plot. He oversees workmen at his new house, dines with his wife, and attends a play. He also deals with his brother Tom's marriage negotiations and visits sick colleagues.
Chapter 37
November 1662
Pepys continues his search for treasure in the Tower cellars, attends a dinner at Trinity House, and enjoys a play at the Cockpit. He deals with domestic improvements, a quarrel with his wife over a maid, and ongoing legal troubles. He also hears news of the Queen Mother's marriage, the arrival of Dunkirk money, and the death of old Audley.
Chapter 38
December 1662
Pepys recovers from illness and celebrates Christmas with pies, church, and a play. He buys a bake-pan, reads and quickly sells the satirical poem 'Hudebras', attends a performance of 'The Villaine' and 'The Second Part of Rhodes', and deals with domestic troubles involving his maid Jane and his boy. He also observes the audience of the Russian Ambassadors at Whitehall, discusses naval and financial matters with Mr. Coventry and Jack Spicer, and reflects on his declining savings.
Chapter 39
January 1662–63
Pepys recounts the final days of the Christmas season, mixing court gossip about the King's affairs with Lady Castlemaine and the Duke of York's scandal, visits to the theatre, and his return to business. He resolves to renew his vows and focus on duty, money, and reputation, while also dealing with domestic irritations and the purchase of a new table.
Chapter 40
February 1662–63
Pepys grapples with domestic upheaval as he dismisses his maid Jane, while navigating naval corruption, Tangier business, and court gossip. He observes the King's indiscretions, hears tales of Lady Castlemaine's frolics, and suffers a sudden skin inflammation. Political tensions rise over religious liberty for Presbyterians and Papists, and Lord Sandwich shares a secret about refusing to sign embassy money books.
Chapter 41
March 1662–63
Pepys navigates his naval duties, social engagements, and political tensions surrounding the King's Indulgence and Parliament's opposition. He deals with office rivalries, particularly with Sir W. Penn, and attends a christening while reflecting on personal and professional anxieties.
Chapter 42
April 1663
In April 1663, Pepys manages his finances, records his net worth at £700, and deals with domestic and professional affairs. He buys books on anti-Catholic and Presbyterian themes, hears gossip about the King's neglect of the Queen, and confronts his father about spending. He also beats his boy for misbehavior, enjoys dancing lessons for his wife, and navigates tensions with Sir J. Minnes and Captain Holmes at the Navy Office.
Chapter 43
May 1663
Pepys navigates personal and professional affairs, including settling family finances, visiting the newly opened Theatre Royal, dealing with the fallout of his clerk Hater's religious nonconformity, and observing the political intrigues at court. He also tours the Mint to learn about coinage and enjoys leisure activities with his wife.
Chapter 44
June 1663
Pepys navigates domestic tensions with his wife Elizabeth, confronts corruption in naval tar contracts, and enjoys social engagements including a dinner with Lord Sandwich. He also attends a play, deals with household disputes, and reflects on his finances and marriage.
Chapter 45
July 1663
Pepys records his daily life in July 1663, including attending church, making vows to abstain from strong drink, visiting Woolwich and Greenwich on naval business, and observing the royal court. He notes the King's coldness toward Lady Castlemaine and his admiration for Mrs. Stewart, as well as political proceedings involving Lord Bristol's speech to the Commons and the Lords' judgment on articles against the Lord Chancellor. He also deals with family financial matters, his brother's building plans, and his own health and domestic irritations.
Chapter 46
August 1663
Pepys deals with domestic turmoil as his wife Elizabeth's harsh treatment of maid Ashwell leads to her dismissal, while he interviews a replacement. He also manages office politics, visits Lord Sandwich to handle financial accounts, and reflects on his jealousy regarding his wife's dancing master Pembleton.
Chapter 47
September 1663
Pepys navigates domestic tensions, naval administration, and personal temptations. He reprimands his brother John for poor studies, attends a trial for a thieving maid, dines with the Lord Mayor, and travels to Brampton. He struggles with guilt over his infidelity and takes pride in his home improvements.
Chapter 48
October 1663
Pepys deals with naval administration disputes, personal health issues, and domestic improvements. He clashes with Sir J. Minnes and Sir W. Batten over contracts and accounts, while also managing his household's cleaning and his wife's closet decoration. His physical pain from constipation and wind troubles him, leading him to seek treatment from Mr. Holliard.
Chapter 49
November 1663
Pepys records a month of domestic and professional life, including a quarrel with his wife over a servant's lie, a visit to Whitehall where he observes the King's graying hair and the Duke of York's intention to wear a periwig, and conversations about court gossip, religious liberty, and the mismanagement of the kingdom's revenue. He also discusses the Navy Office with colleagues and hears concerns about Lord Sandwich's standing at court.
Chapter 50
December 1663
In December 1663, Pepys records his daily life, including a trial at King's Bench about a fraudulent insurance claim, arbitration over a freight dispute, and the death of Mrs. Turner's brother. He reflects on his family's fortunes, the political situation, and his own resolve to advance his career and finances.
Chapter 51
January 1663–64
Pepys reflects on his finances, finalizes his will, and contemplates his strained relationship with Lord Sandwich. He also hears gossip about the King's infatuation with Mrs. Stewart and the Duke of York's diligence, while managing naval office affairs and social engagements.
Chapter 52
February 1663–64
Pepys navigates naval administration, social engagements, and domestic life. He witnesses the Duke of York's new periwig, hears troubling news of Dutch aggression in the East Indies, and enjoys a visit to Paul's School. He also deals with family matters, including his cousin Roger's complaints and his wife's brother's departure for Holland, while reflecting on his growing wealth.
Chapter 53
March 1663–64
Pepys records a speech by the King about plots and the Triennial Parliament, domestic incidents involving dogs, visits from family, and a chapel sermon. He also deals with office business, a falling-out with his wife over a gown, and attends a play.
Chapter 54
April 1664
Pepys navigates the complexities of naval administration and the growing tensions with the Dutch, while managing personal finances, family concerns, and his own ambitions. He engages in political discourse, observes the royal court, and reflects on the state of the Navy Office, all against the backdrop of preparations for a potential war.
Chapter 55
May 1664
Pepys records his daily life in May 1664, marked by financial anxieties, health troubles (including a severe fit of the stone), and naval administration. He attends the Duke, deals with canvas disputes at the office, visits the playhouse, and hears a notable legal argument. His mood swings between vexation over debts and family obligations and pleasure from small gains and professional progress.
Chapter 56
June 1664
Pepys grapples with health fears, naval administration, and personal finances. He learns of Lord Tiviott's death in Tangier, negotiates a profitable ship charter, and endures domestic strife with Elizabeth. The month ends with unresolved Dutch war tensions and family discord over his nephews' care.
Chapter 57
July 1664
Pepys navigates naval administration, personal indiscretions, and a serious political crisis when Lord Chancellor Clarendon accuses him of meddling in timber rights. He also engages in Tangier victualling negotiations, attends the Royal Fishery committee, and enjoys cultural pursuits like book collecting and music.
Chapter 58
August 1664
Pepys secures a raise for his clerk T. Hater, discusses the likelihood of a Dutch war, visits the playhouse to see 'Bartholomew Fair' and 'Henry the Fifth', acquires a microscope, and deals with various naval and personal affairs.
Chapter 59
September 1664
Pepys records a month of professional anxiety, personal indulgence, and domestic unease. He frets over the Navy Office's sluggishness in preparing for war, yet celebrates his first profit from the Tangier victualling contract. He pursues Jane Welsh, attends plays and Bartholomew Fair, and deals with health issues, family debts, and office politics, including Sir John Minnes's childish outburst.
Chapter 60
October 1664
Pepys navigates a busy month of naval preparations against the Dutch, personal finances, and family visits. He attends to official duties at St. James's, negotiates contracts with Sir W. Warren, and reports on the Fishery Committee. He travels to Brampton to settle legal business with his father, visits Hinchingbroke to see Lord Sandwich's waterworks, and returns home. He also deals with personal matters, including a visit from Mrs. Lane seeking help for her husband, a quarrel with his wife over his wandering eye, and a launch of a new ship at Woolwich.
Chapter 61
November 1664
Pepys navigates a month of escalating tensions with the Dutch, marked by the first act of hostility over a seized mast ship, while managing his naval office duties, personal finances, and a troubling encounter with Bagwell's wife. He also contends with office politics, seeks a prize office commission, and observes parliamentary fiscal maneuvers.
Chapter 62
December 1664
In December 1664, Pepys navigates his naval duties, financial schemes, and social engagements. He secures payments through Tangier freight accounts, dines with colleagues and family, attends plays and church, and hears news of Dutch ships captured and a comet sighted by the King and Queen. The chapter reflects his ambition, moral anxieties, and the political and naval tensions of the time.
Chapter 63
January 1664–65
Pepys begins the new year by reviewing his accounts and expenses, noting significant gains. He engages in various personal and professional activities, including visits to Whitehall, a barber, and the Swan, where he has encounters with women. He dines with Lord Brouncker, attends to naval business, and deals with domestic tensions involving his wife Elizabeth and their maid Jane. The chapter also covers his concerns about security after hearing noises at night, his dealings with Sir Philip Warwicke regarding timber, and news of Dutch captures of English colliers. He acquires Hooke's Micrographia, attends a Tangier Committee, and reflects on his health and financial matters.
Chapter 64
February 1664–65
Pepys records his daily life in February 1664–65, including his financial gains from a death, his visit to Paul's Churchyard for bookbinding, and his attendance at church. He engages in naval business, inspects rope-making and Sir W. Petty's ship, and celebrates St. Valentine's Day. He is admitted to Gresham College, attends a Committee of Tangier, and deals with domestic tensions over money. The chapter also covers discussions on Dutch wages, pressing of men, and the loss of the Royal Oak.
Chapter 65
March 1664–65
Pepys is appointed Treasurer for Tangier with the Duke's approval, receives a character of industry and discretion, and begins settling the business. He also deals with domestic matters, including giving his wife money for clothes, rising early, and managing his household. The chapter includes visits to Gresham College, discussions about the Navy, and interactions with various officials and acquaintances.
Chapter 66
April 1665
Pepys navigates the complexities of naval administration, financial pressures of the Dutch war, and his own personal ambitions. He attends plays, manages accounts, secures his Tangier commission, and confronts the looming plague, all while balancing his domestic life and professional duties.
Chapter 67
May 1665
Pepys navigates a month of mounting pressures: the Dutch fleet sets sail, the plague spreads in London, and he struggles to secure money for Tangier while defending his office against criticism over delayed ships. He balances scientific curiosity at Gresham College and Colonel Blunt's coach experiments with domestic tensions and his own lapses into pleasure after his vows expire.
Chapter 68
June 1665
Pepys navigates the escalating plague, Tangier treasury troubles, and naval affairs while managing personal finances, social engagements, and family concerns. He secures bail for Mr. Hater, observes the burial of Sir Thomas Viner, and notes the Duke of York's return from sea. The chapter ends with preparations to move his wife to Woolwich amid the growing sickness.
Chapter 69
July 1665
Pepys records the escalating plague in London, his domestic and naval administrative duties, and social visits. He notes the death of Sir John Lawson, the King's pleasure at Greenwich, and his own growing wealth and wine collection, while grappling with fears of infection and moral reflections.
Chapter 70
August 1665
Pepys documents the escalating Great Plague in London, with death tolls rising to over 6,000 per week, the city becoming desolate, and his own preparations to move to Woolwich. He settles his accounts, finding himself worth over £2,180, and notes the fleet's departure to engage the Dutch, with personal concern for Lord Sandwich. Domestic tensions arise with his wife and maid Mercer, while he engages in official duties and plague prevention discussions.
Chapter 71
September 1665
Pepys navigates the plague-ridden landscape of September 1665, balancing naval administration, personal finances, and social engagements. He visits his new lodging, dines with colleagues, and overhears examinations of a plot against the King. He wears a new periwig despite plague fears, discusses the kingdom's mismanagement with Captain Cocke, and travels to Nonsuch for Exchequer business. The chapter captures the tension between public duty and private anxiety amid the ongoing epidemic.
Chapter 72
October 1665
Pepys travels to the fleet aboard the Bezan, enjoys reading 'The Siege of Rhodes', and receives Lord Sandwich's assurance regarding prize goods. He visits Chatham dockyard, inspects timber handling, and deals with naval administration, prize goods, and the plague. He also manages his Tangier accounts, secures a position for his brother-in-law Balty, and writes to Mr. Coventry offering to become Surveyor General.
Chapter 73
November 1665
Pepys navigates professional duties and personal reflections amid the waning plague. He discusses merit versus favor, inspects naval affairs at Erith, visits the Fleet, and enjoys social calls with Evelyn and others. He also manages prize goods disputes, prepares to return home, and rejoices in the declining plague numbers.
Chapter 74
December 1665
In December 1665, Samuel Pepys navigates the complexities of naval administration, personal finance, and social life amidst the lingering plague. He secures significant financial gains through dealings with Mr. Gawden and Captain Cocke, celebrates his net worth exceeding £4,000, and learns of Lord Sandwich's appointment as Ambassador to Spain. The month is marked by music-filled evenings with friends, tensions with colleagues, and a year-end focus on organizing accounts and reforming pursers' practices.
Chapter 75
January 1665–66
Pepys begins the new year with intense work on his Pursers' business, dictating and copying documents. He enjoys social gatherings with Mrs. Knipp, music, and dancing, but is also preoccupied with the declining plague numbers and the gradual return of life to London. He navigates office politics, secures a victory for Sir W. Warren, and deals with personal and financial matters, including the cancellation of Lord Sandwich's bond. The chapter captures a mix of professional diligence, social pleasure, and the lingering shadow of the plague.
Chapter 76
February 1665–66
Pepys navigates the post-plague return to normal life, balancing naval administration, personal finances, and social obligations. He settles accounts, buys plate and books, and attends church for the first time since the plague. Political tensions surface as Sir G. Carteret faces criticism and Pepys seeks neutrality between him and Sir W. Coventry. The chapter also touches on the plague's lingering presence, a Jewish messianic prophecy for 1666, and domestic matters including finding a chambermaid and Pall's marriage prospects.
Chapter 77
March 1665–66
Pepys navigates naval administration, personal finances, and social obligations amid the lingering plague. He deals with tallies and credit issues, enjoys a sitting for his portrait, and notes the marriage of Betty Howlett to young Michell. The chapter captures his return to disciplined business habits and his ongoing concerns about money, health, and reputation.
Chapter 78
April 1666
Pepys navigates financial ventures, naval administration, and family matters. He lends money to Sir W. Warren, considers a match for his sister, and manages his household staff. He also observes the plague's increase, the fleet's departure, and visits to the theater and portrait painter.
Chapter 79
May 1666
In May 1666, Pepys navigates personal and professional challenges: his cousin Thomas Pepys hesitates to become a Justice of the Peace due to religious and linguistic concerns; his maid Susan falls ill, causing domestic strain; he attends to naval business, Tangier committee work, and financial matters, including a new Exchequer system by Sir G. Downing. He also hangs portraits by Hales, enjoys a coach race, and reconnects with Betty Howlett at church, while the plague increases and the fleet remains at the Nore.
Chapter 80
June 1666
Pepys records the tension and confusion surrounding the naval battle with the Dutch fleet in June 1666. He describes the mobilization of soldiers, the contradictory reports of gunfire, the eventual news of a hard-fought victory, and the personal and professional anxieties of those awaiting word from the fleet.
Chapter 81
July 1666
Pepys grapples with the pressing of men for the fleet, witnessing the heartbreak of families and the tyranny of the press. He navigates naval administration, social obligations with Sir W. Penn, and the aftermath of a sea fight, while attending court and enjoying domestic pleasures.
Chapter 82
August 1666
Pepys settles his accounts and finds himself worth £5,700, then attends to naval business amid tensions with the Generals. He enjoys a day of flirtation and innocent pleasures with several women, later visits the Bear Garden for bull-baiting, and ends the month with a fireworks party and cross-dressing revelry. News arrives of the burning of 160 enemy ships at the Fly, and Pepys deals with a sharp letter from the Generals criticizing the Navy Office's accounts.
Chapter 83
September 1666
In September 1666, Pepys records the Great Fire of London, its devastating spread, and his own efforts to assist the King and Duke of York. He also deals with personal concerns, including his wife's spending, the loss of books, and the state of the fleet. The chapter captures the chaos of the fire, the political and social aftermath, and Pepys's ongoing anxieties about money, reputation, and domestic life.
Chapter 84
October 1666
Pepys navigates the administrative and financial turmoil of the Navy Office, grappling with parliamentary inquiries, personal debts, and the hiring of a new maid. He finds solace in balancing his accounts and in fleeting encounters with Betty Michell, while the month ends with widespread anxiety over the King's neglect, naval disarray, and the threat of invasion.
Chapter 85
November 1666
Pepys navigates a month of administrative frustration, personal pleasures, and growing despair over the state of the Navy and the war. He receives a noble cake from a smith's wife, visits Betty Michell, and engages in intimate encounters with Mrs. Bagwell. He discusses the King's service with Sir W. Coventry, who shares his melancholy about lost discipline and impending ruin. Pepys inspects the French prize ship Ruby, buys apples and pork, and enjoys reading plays. He acquires a varnished print of the Passion and a new vest, coat, belt, and sword, which he wears to church. He hears gossip about the Duke of Albemarle's decline and a story about Troutbecke. He drafts a letter on the Navy's ill state, which displeases Sir G. Carteret. He learns of hot words in the House of Lords between Lord Ossory and Ashly. The month ends with Pepys reflecting on the times, the Parliament's slow progress on money, and the general sense that all is lost.
Chapter 86
December 1666
In December 1666, Pepys records the aftermath of the Great Fire, including a cellar still smoldering from logwood, and encounters the weak former Lord Mayor Bludworth. He attends a christening as godfather, deals with coach troubles, and hears of New England fleet delays and coal shortages. He burns old letters, discusses parliamentary tensions with Captain Cocke, and dines with the Bateliers. He also enjoys a venison pasty, scolds his wife over music lessons, and attends a play in disguise, all while managing Tangier accounts and office business.
Chapter 87
January 1666–67
Pepys records the bitter cold and frost, the Thames frozen over, and the dire state of the Navy unable to set out a fleet due to lack of men and money. He attends a conference between the Houses of Lords and Commons over the Wine Patent, hears of tensions about the Bill for examining Accounts, and observes the King's displeasure with Parliament. He hosts a lavish dinner at his home, impressing guests with his plate and neatness, and later attends a play and a meeting of the Royal Society at Arundell House. He also notes his father's illness and his own concerns about his eyes and health.
Chapter 88
February 1666–67
Pepys navigates office politics, personal finances, and domestic life. He observes tensions between Lord Brouncker and Sir W. Batten over the Carcasse affair, attends a meager wedding dinner for Sir W. Penn's daughter, and turns 34, reflecting on his health and estate. He also visits Bagwell's wife, catalogues his books, and notes the prorogation of Parliament.
Chapter 89
March 1666–67
Pepys grapples with naval financial woes, observes a public effigy for St. David's Day, and navigates tensions at the Navy Office over the Carcasse affair. He also enjoys domestic music lessons with his wife, socializes with the Pierces, and notes the impending peace negotiations at Breda.
Chapter 90
April 1667
In April 1667, Pepys navigates the Navy's dire financial straits, confronts internal office conflicts, and receives news of a potential peace. He also enjoys domestic pleasures, including singing with his wife and maids, and learns of a match for Lord Hinchingbroke.
Chapter 91
May 1667
Pepys records a month of administrative work, social visits, and political maneuvering. He observes the dying Lord Treasurer, discusses the new Commission for Accounts and the potential succession to the Treasury, and finalizes a report against Carcasse. He also notes the illness of the Duke of York's sons, the King's naming of Treasury Commissioners, and personal domestic matters.
Chapter 92
June 1667
In June 1667, Pepys records the dire state of the English navy and the nation as the Dutch fleet breaks the chain at Chatham, burns ships including the Royal Charles, and threatens London. He describes the panic at court, the King's decision to call Parliament, and his own frantic measures to secure his family and savings. Amidst administrative chaos and personal fear, Pepys also attends to routine business, including hiring ground for a coach-house and drawing up Tangier accounts.
Chapter 93
July 1667
Pepys records the aftermath of the Dutch raid, the financial paralysis of the Navy Office, and the political turmoil surrounding King Charles II's personal life. He visits new batteries at Gravesend, hears public contempt for the King's officers, and struggles with office business amid a lack of money. Personal tensions with his wife, news of Nell Gwyn's affair with Lord Buckhurst, and the King's quarrel with Lady Castlemayne over Jermin's marriage dominate the month. Pepys also learns of his sister's illness and reflects on the nation's disgrace.
Chapter 94
August 1667
In August 1667, Pepys navigates domestic tensions with Elizabeth over his attentions to Mrs. Knipp, while managing naval business, including financial dealings with Mr. Gawden and retrenchment discussions with Sir William Coventry. He enjoys a country outing to Barnet and visits the playhouse, where he hears gossip about Nell Gwyn's fall from favor. Political intrigue surrounds Lord Chancellor Clarendon's uncertain fate, as the King and Duke of York meet to decide his office.
Chapter 95
September 1667
Pepys navigates political shifts, including Sir William Coventry's resignation from the Duke of York's service and the fall of the Lord Chancellor, while balancing domestic life, visits to Bartholomew Fair, and naval administration.
Chapter 96
October 1667
Pepys navigates the political and personal turmoil of October 1667, balancing his duties at the Navy Office with the ongoing Parliamentary inquiry into the Chatham disaster. He enjoys domestic pleasures with his wife and new maid, attends a disappointing concert at Whitehall, and observes the declining health of Sir William Batten. The month is marked by intense scrutiny of naval officials, including Lord Brouncker and Commissioner Pett, as Pepys strategizes to protect his own reputation.
Chapter 97
November 1667
Pepys navigates personal and political anxieties, from a suspected burglary that turns out to be chimney sweeping to the ongoing parliamentary conflict over Lord Clarendon. He receives a gift of fifty pieces from Mr. Warren as a token of gratitude for past favors, attends a play with his wife, and reflects on the precarious state of the kingdom.
Chapter 98
December 1667
In December 1667, Pepys records political turmoil as the Commons and Lords clash over Lord Clarendon, with fears of a constitutional crisis. He manages his Tangier accounts, enjoys music at home, and deals with domestic concerns including his wife's severe toothache and the dismissal of his French lute lessons. The chapter captures a nation in disarray, with the King's council fracturing and Pepys reflecting on the precarious state of the kingdom.
Chapter 99
January 1667–68
Pepys begins the new year with accounts and dines with Lord Crew, discussing cheap corn, the Archbishop's disgrace, and a prophecy from Sidney's life. He attends a play, observes gambling at the Groome-Porter's, and later deals with the suicide of Kate Joyce's husband, securing the King's grant of the estate to the widow. He also visits the Exchange, buys a play, and hears news of a league with Holland against France.
Chapter 100
February 1667–68
Pepys juggles mounting professional and personal responsibilities, including Tangier accounts, naval administration, his sister's marriage settlement, and a summons from the Commissioners of Accounts. He attends a new play by Etherige, 'She Would if She Could,' and navigates social and political gossip, including the Duke of Buckingham's pardon and the trial of Carr.
Chapter 101
March 1667–68
Pepys prepares a defense for Parliament regarding Navy Office mismanagement, deals with personal and professional anxieties, and navigates political tensions over fleet manning and finances. He also enjoys domestic diversions, reads a satirical book, and receives an anonymous letter warning about his cousin Kate Joyce's potential ruin.
Chapter 102
April 1668
Pepys records the kingdom's poverty, the fleet's lack of money, and Parliament's stalled Act for funds. He attends plays, buys a recorder, and hears gossip about Lady Castlemaine's affair with Hart and Captain Holmes's secret marriage. He also subscribes £40 to the Royal Society's college building.
Chapter 103
May 1668
In May 1668, Pepys records the political turmoil between the Houses of Commons and Lords over the East India Company and Skinner, the impeachment troubles of Sir W. Penn, and the impact of the Conventicles Act. He attends plays, visits the park, dines with colleagues, and observes the burial of Sir Thomas Teddiman. Personal matters include teaching Mercer a song, a potential loan request from Lady Sandwich, and the marriage of Kate Joyce without his advice.
Chapter 104
June 1668
Pepys balances naval administration with personal pleasures, including visits to taverns, plays, and romantic encounters. He secures leave from the Duke of York, travels to Brampton, and returns to find domestic tensions with Elizabeth over his frequent outings. A fire alarm briefly disrupts the household, and Elizabeth expresses a desire to go to France.
Chapter 105
July 1668
Pepys navigates naval administration disputes, social engagements, and domestic life amid intense summer heat. He attends Council meetings on ticket security, dines with eminent men including the author of Hudibras, and commissions his wife's portrait from Mr. Cooper. The chapter also records gossip about the King's amusements, the Duke of York's resolve to reform the Navy, and Pepys's continued pursuit of pleasure and advancement.
Chapter 106
August 1668
Pepys continues his diary with a mix of naval administration, social outings, and personal concerns about his failing eyesight. He is heavily involved in drafting reports for the Tangier committee and a reform letter for the Navy Office, while also enjoying plays, music, and dancing. His wife Elizabeth and servant Deb. feature prominently, and he notes the expiration of the Act against Nonconformists, allowing them to meet again.
Chapter 107
September 1668
Pepys navigates political tensions at the Navy Office, receives a visit from the Duke of Richmond about his yacht, and attends the Treasury with Brouncker and Penn. He enjoys a play and a puppet show, visits Southwarke-Fair, and hears news of Buckingham's rising influence and Sir W. Coventry's decline. Domestic life includes a venison-pasty dinner, teaching Mercer the Larke's song, and a quarrel with his wife. He also learns of Mr. Trevor's appointment as Secretary and the adjournment of Parliament.
Chapter 108
October 1668
Pepys navigates office politics, securing a place for Mr. Hater, while indulging in domestic pleasures: choosing hangings, a coach, and attending plays. He also meets Lord Middleton, hears of Creed's marriage to Mrs. Pickering, and learns of Sir Gilbert Pickering's death.
Chapter 109
November 1668
Pepys navigates political turmoil at court, including the suspension of Lord Anglesey and the potential removal of Sir William Penn from the Navy Office, while dealing with domestic tensions over his maid Deb Willet and the arrival of his new coach.
Chapter 110
December 1668
In December 1668, Pepys enjoys the newfound pride of riding in his own coach, attends plays with his wife, and navigates naval administration disputes. He hears stories from the Duke of York about Spanish soldiers and French naval threats, while also dealing with personal finances, household tensions, and the death of Mr. Clerke.
Chapter 111
January 1668–69
Pepys navigates court factions, naval administration, and personal domestic life. He attends plays, discusses Tangier treasury matters, and observes the King's unstable councils regarding Parliament. He also receives a new instrument (Parallelogram) and prints from France, while dealing with his wife's jealousy.
Chapter 112
February 1668–69
Pepys navigates naval administration, personal finances, and domestic tensions. He attends council meetings, discusses naval reforms with the Duke of York, and deals with his wife Elizabeth's jealousy over a maid. He also visits Lord Sandwich, views a Spanish dancer, and enjoys a play.
Chapter 113
March 1668–69
Pepys hosts a large party at his house, enjoys domestic comforts, and hears alarming news of Sir William Coventry's imprisonment. He attends plays, visits relatives, and receives a commission as captain of a King's ship for a court-martial. He also delves into naval records and reflects on his diary-keeping.
Chapter 114
April 1669
In April 1669, Pepys continues his naval administrative duties, attending a court-martial and presenting a history of the Navy to the Duke of York. He deals with personal matters, including his eyesight, for which he acquires a special vizard with a tube. He also encounters Deb. and manages domestic and social affairs.
Chapter 115
May 1669
Pepys records his final entries in shorthand, detailing his struggles with failing eyesight, his petition to the Duke of York for leave to travel abroad, and his last attempts to manage naval affairs. The chapter captures the King's birthday celebrations, social outings with his wife, and his lingering thoughts about Deb. Pepys resolves to abandon his private journal and have it kept in longhand, marking a poignant end to his personal record.
Chapter 116
Endnotes
The endnotes provide supplementary information on the Pepys family genealogy, the cipher of the diary, the marriage of Samuel Pepys's parents, his education at Magdalene College, details on Mrs. Knipp, Lord Sandwich's naval command, Sir John Hinton, and other historical figures and events referenced in the diary.
Chapter 117
List of Illustrations
This chapter presents a list of illustrations for the book, including a pedigree of the Earl of Sandwich.
