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What Is to Be Done? · Chapter

Part IV: Second Marriage explained

Vera Pavlovna marries Kirsanov after Lopukhov's apparent suicide, and they establish a new household based on equality and mutual respect.

What happens

Vera Pavlovna marries Kirsanov after Lopukhov's apparent suicide, and they establish a new household based on equality and mutual respect. The chapter explores their domestic life, the continuation of Vera's sewing cooperative, and the development of their relationship as a model of rational love and partnership.

Themes in this chapter

  • Love and Marriage

    Vera's second marriage to Kirsanov is portrayed as a union based on rational love, equality, and mutual respect, contrasting with traditional bourgeois marriage.

  • The New People

    Vera and Kirsanov exemplify the 'new people'—progressive individuals who reject societal conventions and strive for personal and social transformation.

Characters to notice

  • Viéra Pavlovna

    Marries Kirsanov and continues her work with the sewing cooperative, embodying the ideals of the new woman.

  • Aleksandr Matvéitch Kirsánof

    Marries Vera and supports her independence, representing the rational and progressive man.

  • Dmitri Sergéitch Lopukhóf

    His apparent suicide sets the stage for Vera's second marriage, though he later returns as Beaumont.

  • Rakhmétof

    The extraordinary man who appears to guide and influence the characters' revolutionary ideals.

Key passages

  • Vera Pavlovna's second marriage was not a mere repetition of the first; it was a new stage in her development.

    Vera's marriage to Kirsanov represents her continued growth and evolution as an individual, not just a rehash of her past.

    Highlights the progressive nature of Vera's personal journey.