The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers · Chapter
Phaedo explained
This chapter recounts the life of Phaedo of Elis, a Eupatrid who was enslaved after the subjugation of his country and ransomed by Socrates at the urging of Alcibiades or Crito.
What happens
This chapter recounts the life of Phaedo of Elis, a Eupatrid who was enslaved after the subjugation of his country and ransomed by Socrates at the urging of Alcibiades or Crito. After his liberation, Phaedo studied philosophy as a free man and wrote several dialogues, though some are disputed. The chapter also traces the succession of his school, which was initially called the Eliac school and later the Eretrian school under Menedemus.
Themes in this chapter
Origins and Succession of Philosophical Schools
The chapter details the founding and evolution of the Eliac school, its transition to the Eretrian school under Menedemus, and the lineage of philosophers from Phaedo onward.
Death and Legacy
Phaedo's legacy is preserved through his dialogues and the philosophical school he inspired, despite his initial enslavement and the disputed authenticity of some works.
Characters to notice
- Phaedo of Elis
Phaedo the Elean, a Eupatrid, was enslaved after his country's subjugation and ransomed by Socrates, later studying philosophy and writing dialogues.
- Socrates
Socrates arranged for Phaedo's ransom, instructing Alcibiades or Crito to pay for his freedom.
- Alcmaeon of Croton
Alcibiades is mentioned as one who may have ransomed Phaedo on Socrates' behalf.
- Crito of Alopece
Crito is alternatively named as the one who ransomed Phaedo at Socrates' request.
- Menedemus of Eretria
Menedemus succeeded Plistanus and became the founder of the Eretrian school, continuing the philosophical lineage from Phaedo.
Key passages
“Phaedo the Elean, one of the Eupatridae, was taken prisoner at the time of the subjugation of his country, and was compelled to submit to the vilest treatment.”
Phaedo of Elis, a member of the aristocracy, was captured when his homeland was conquered and forced into degrading servitude.
Describes Phaedo's enslavement and the harsh conditions he endured.
“But while he was standing in the street, shutting the door, he met with Socrates, who desired Alcibiades, or as some say, Crito, to ransom him.”
While Phaedo was closing a door in the street, Socrates encountered him and arranged for Alcibiades—or, according to some accounts, Crito—to pay for his release.
Details the chance meeting and ransom that freed Phaedo.
“And after that time he studied philosophy as became a free man.”
After gaining his freedom, Phaedo pursued philosophy in a manner befitting a free citizen.
Highlights Phaedo's dedication to philosophy after liberation.