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Nicomachean Ethics · Chapter

Of Pleasure explained

Aristotle examines the nature of pleasure and pain, arguing that pleasure is not merely a process or transition but an unimpeded activity of faculties in their natural state.

What happens

Aristotle examines the nature of pleasure and pain, arguing that pleasure is not merely a process or transition but an unimpeded activity of faculties in their natural state. He refutes objections that pleasure is not good, distinguishes between necessary and excessive pleasures, and connects pleasure to happiness and the good life.

Themes in this chapter

  • Pleasure and Pain

    Central theme: Aristotle defines pleasure as unimpeded activity of natural faculties, distinguishes good from bad pleasures, and links pleasure to happiness.

  • The Good and Happiness

    Pleasure is discussed in relation to the highest good and happiness; Aristotle argues that the happy life is necessarily pleasant.

Characters to notice

  • Aristotle

    Primary author and philosopher presenting the analysis of pleasure and pain.

Key passages

  • pleasure is not a transition, nor does it always even imply a transition; but it is an activity [or exercise of faculty], and itself an end

    Pleasure is not a process of change but an active use of our faculties that is an end in itself.

    Aristotle refutes the view that pleasure is merely a process, asserting it is an activity and a final good.

  • the fact that all animals and men pursue pleasure is some indication that it is in some way the highest good

    The universal pursuit of pleasure suggests it is related to the highest good.

    Aristotle uses common behavior as evidence that pleasure has a connection to eudaimonia.