Essays · Chapter
Of the Present Ability of America: With Some Miscellaneous Reflections explained
Paine argues that the time for American independence has arrived, emphasizing the continent's military strength, unity, and economic potential.
What happens
Paine argues that the time for American independence has arrived, emphasizing the continent's military strength, unity, and economic potential. He dismisses concerns about readiness, advocates for a continental charter and equal representation, and warns against delaying independence. He also discusses the advantages of a national debt and the necessity of forming a government from first principles.
Themes in this chapter
Independence and Self-Governance
Paine insists that the time for independence is now, citing unity and military readiness as key factors.
Representative Government vs. Hereditary System
He advocates for a continental charter and equal representation, contrasting with hereditary monarchy.
Critique of Monarchy and Hereditary Succession
Warns against allowing a 'fortunate ruffian' to impose law, referencing William the Conqueror's example.
Characters to notice
- Thomas Paine
Author and primary voice; argues for immediate independence and outlines America's capabilities.
- William the Conqueror
Cited as an example of a conqueror who imposed law by force, warning against allowing a similar fate in America.
Key passages
“The time hath found us.”
The moment for independence has arrived on its own, without our needing to choose it.
Paine asserts that circumstances have made independence inevitable and timely.
“Our present numbers are so happily proportioned to our wants, that no man need be idle.”
The current population is perfectly matched to the continent's needs, ensuring full employment.
He argues that America's population size is ideal for sustaining both the economy and the war effort.
“A national debt is a national bond; and when it bears no interest, is in no case a grievance.”
A national debt can unite the country and is not burdensome if it carries no interest.
Paine redefines debt as a unifying tool rather than a liability, contrasting with Britain's interest-heavy debt.