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Demons · Chapter

II explained

The narrator describes Stepan Trofimovitch's past, his failed academic career, and his long-standing relationship with Varvara Petrovna Stavrogin, who hired him as a tutor for her son.

What happens

The narrator describes Stepan Trofimovitch's past, his failed academic career, and his long-standing relationship with Varvara Petrovna Stavrogin, who hired him as a tutor for her son. It details his marriages, his pretensions to liberal idealism, and his dependence on Varvara Petrovna's patronage and friendship.

Themes in this chapter

  • Hypocrisy and Vanity in Society

    Stepan Trofimovitch's pose as a liberal idealist and his actual love for card games and comfort highlight the gap between his public persona and private behavior.

Characters to notice

Key passages

  • Reproach incarnate thou didst stand Erect before thy Fatherland, O Liberal idealist!

    You stood as a living reproach to your country, a liberal idealist.

    The narrator uses this poetic line to characterize Stepan Trofimovitch's self-image as a perpetual critic of Russia.

  • His whole figure seemed to exclaim 'Cards! Me sit down to whist with you! Is it consistent? Who is responsible for it? Who has shattered my energies and turned them to whist? Ah, perish, Russia!' and he would majestically trump with a heart.

    He would dramatically lament his fall to playing cards, as if it were a national tragedy, while still enjoying the game.

    This illustrates the ironic contrast between his lofty ideals and his mundane pastimes.