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Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus · Chapter

5.531 explained

Wittgenstein proposes a notation for identity that avoids the explicit use of the identity sign, suggesting that identity of arguments can be indicated by repeating the same variable, and difference by using distinct variables.

What happens

Wittgenstein proposes a notation for identity that avoids the explicit use of the identity sign, suggesting that identity of arguments can be indicated by repeating the same variable, and difference by using distinct variables.

Themes in this chapter

  • Logical Atomism

    The proposal to replace identity statements with notational conventions reflects the atomistic view that logical structure should mirror the structure of facts without extraneous signs.

Characters to notice

  • Mr. Wittgenstein

    Author of the proposition, refining logical notation to eliminate the identity sign.

Key passages

  • I write therefore not “ f ( a , b ) . a = b ” but “ f ( a a ) ” (or “ f ( b b ) ”). And not “ f ( a , b ) . ~ a = b ”, but “ f ( a , b ) ”.

    Instead of writing 'f(a,b) and a equals b', I write 'f(a,a)' (or 'f(b,b)'). And instead of 'f(a,b) and a does not equal b', I simply write 'f(a,b)'.

    Wittgenstein suggests that identity and difference of arguments can be shown by the use of same or different variable names, eliminating the need for an explicit identity sign.