All chapters

Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus · Chapter

5.501 explained

Wittgenstein explains the notation for bracketed expressions of propositions, introducing the variable 'ξ' with a line over it to represent all its values.

What happens

Wittgenstein explains the notation for bracketed expressions of propositions, introducing the variable 'ξ' with a line over it to represent all its values. He distinguishes three methods for determining the values of the variable: direct enumeration, giving a function whose values are the propositions, and giving a formal law for constructing them.

Themes in this chapter

  • Logical Atomism

    The discussion of variables and propositional expressions reflects the atomistic approach to breaking down propositions into their constituent parts.

  • Limits of Language and Thought

    The formal methods for describing propositions highlight the boundaries of what can be expressed through logical notation.

Characters to notice

  • Mr. Wittgenstein

    Author of the Tractatus, explaining the notation for propositional expressions.

Key passages

  • An expression in brackets whose terms are propositions I indicate—if the order of the terms in the bracket is indifferent—by a sign of the form “ ( ξ ‾ ) ”.

    When the order of propositions in a bracketed list does not matter, I represent the whole list with the notation '(ξ‾)'.

    Introduces a shorthand for unordered sets of propositions.

  • We may distinguish 3 kinds of description: 1. Direct enumeration. 2. Giving a function f ⁡ x , whose values for all values of x are the propositions to be described. 3. Giving a formal law, according to which those propositions are constructed.

    There are three ways to specify which propositions a variable stands for: listing them directly, using a function that yields them, or providing a rule for generating them.

    Classifies the methods for determining the values of a propositional variable.