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The Return of Sherlock Holmes · Chapter

The Adventure of Charles Augustus Milverton explained

Holmes and Watson take on the case of Lady Eva Blackwell, who is being blackmailed by the notorious Charles Augustus Milverton.

What happens

Holmes and Watson take on the case of Lady Eva Blackwell, who is being blackmailed by the notorious Charles Augustus Milverton. After failed negotiations, Holmes and Watson break into Milverton's house to retrieve the incriminating letters, but witness a mysterious woman murder Milverton. They burn the letters and escape. Lestrade later investigates the murder, but Holmes refuses to assist, sympathizing with the killers.

Themes in this chapter

  • Justice and Morality

    Holmes justifies private revenge when the law cannot touch a villain like Milverton, highlighting the tension between legal justice and moral justice.

  • Secrecy and the Past

    The entire case revolves around compromising letters that threaten to expose past indiscretions, and the burglary aims to destroy those secrets.

  • Class and Privilege

    Milverton preys on the wealthy and titled, and the victims are from high society, illustrating how class and privilege can be both a target and a shield.

Characters to notice

  • Sherlock Holmes

    Takes on the case of Lady Eva Blackwell, plans and executes a burglary of Milverton's house, witnesses the murder, and later refuses to help Lestrade.

  • Dr. Watson

    Accompanies Holmes on the burglary, witnesses the murder, and escapes with Holmes.

  • Charles Augustus Milverton

    The notorious blackmailer who is murdered by a mysterious woman during Holmes and Watson's burglary.

  • Inspector Lestrade

    Investigates the murder of Milverton and asks Holmes for assistance, but is refused.

  • Lady Eva Blackwell

    The client whose imprudent letters are being used by Milverton to blackmail her.

Key passages

  • He is the king of all the blackmailers. Heaven help the man, and still more the woman, whose secret and reputation come into the power of Milverton!

    Holmes describes Milverton as the most dangerous blackmailer in London, whose victims are left helpless.

    Establishes Milverton's character and the stakes of the case.

  • I think there are certain crimes which the law cannot touch, and which therefore, to some extent, justify private revenge.

    Holmes explains his refusal to help Lestrade, arguing that some crimes warrant personal retribution.

    Highlights the theme of justice and morality.