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The Red Badge of Courage · Chapter

XXI explained

The regiment returns to their lines, facing mockery from other troops and criticism from a general who deems their charge insufficient.

What happens

The regiment returns to their lines, facing mockery from other troops and criticism from a general who deems their charge insufficient. Henry and Wilson learn that the colonel and lieutenant have praised their bravery, restoring their spirits and sense of honor.

Themes in this chapter

  • Courage and Cowardice

    Henry and Wilson grapple with external judgment of their courage, but ultimately receive validation for their bravery in the charge.

  • Comradeship and Isolation

    The regiment bonds over shared reproach and later celebrates together, while Henry and Wilson find solidarity in their mutual praise.

  • Illusion vs. Reality

    Henry reflects on how his perception of the battle's distances and time was exaggerated, contrasting his internal drama with the mundane reality.

Characters to notice

  • Henry Fleming

    Feels stung by mockery but later takes joy in recalling his charge; defends the regiment's effort and is praised by the colonel.

  • Wilson

    Grievance over the general's reproach; shares in the praise from the colonel and lieutenant for his role in the charge.

  • the colonel

    Defends the regiment to the general, then privately praises Henry and Wilson for their bravery.

  • the officer

    The general who reproaches the colonel for the regiment's failure to advance further.

  • the lieutenant

    Defends the regiment's fight to the colonel and later praises Henry and Wilson to the colonel.

Key passages

  • The youth’s tender flesh was deeply stung by these remarks. From under his creased brows he glowered with hate at the mockers.

    Henry was hurt by the taunts and glared angrily at those who mocked him.

    Highlights Henry's sensitivity to ridicule and his growing resentment.

  • He discovered that the distances, as compared with the brilliant measurings of his mind, were trivial and ridiculous.

    He realized the actual distances were much smaller than his imagination had made them seem.

    Reflects Henry's dawning awareness of how his mind exaggerated the battle.

  • The youth developed a tranquil philosophy for these moments of irritation.

    Henry adopted a calm way of thinking to deal with his frustration.

    Shows Henry's emotional growth and attempt to rationalize criticism.

  • They speedily forgot many things. The past held no pictures of error and disappointment. They were very happy, and their hearts swelled with grateful affection for the colonel and the youthful lieutenant.

    They quickly forgot their earlier troubles, feeling only joy and gratitude toward the officers who praised them.

    Illustrates the power of validation to erase past shame and boost morale.

The Red Badge of Courage — XXI Explained