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The Book of Jade · Chapter

Sestettes explained

A series of eight sestettes exploring the paradoxical relationship between pain and joy, love and death, and the ultimate emptiness of both sadness and gladness.

What happens

A series of eight sestettes exploring the paradoxical relationship between pain and joy, love and death, and the ultimate emptiness of both sadness and gladness. The speaker embraces suffering as a path to divine transformation, eroticizes death, and ultimately rejects all emotional states as unreal.

Themes in this chapter

  • Death and Decay

    Death is central throughout: as a source of ecstasy, a mockable figure, and a horrifying physical reality of worms and decay.

  • Eroticism and the Femme Fatale

    The beloved is described with cruel beauty, priestess and victim, and the speaker's love is intertwined with death and blasphemy.

Characters to notice

  • Unknown

    The speaker who addresses the beloved, celebrates woe, and contemplates death and love.

  • Death

    Personified as a figure to be mocked, blasphemed, and ultimately embraced as the supreme ecstasy.

Key passages

  • Thou shalt rejoice for woe: The pallid goblet old, That holds thy life’s dull wine, Is made thereby divine; Stain’d with a purpler glow, And wrought in stranger gold.

    You should find joy in suffering: the pale old cup that contains your boring life becomes sacred, colored with a deeper glow and crafted in unusual gold.

    The speaker reinterprets pain as a transformative, almost alchemical force.

  • Death is death; the little host that squirms, The smell, the dark, the coffin clos’d, and I So soft, so soft; no movement, and no breath; No ears, no nose, no eyeballs; Death is Death; The sepulchre, no sight, no sound, no cry, And always; Death is Death; the worms! the worms

    Death is simply death: the squirming mass of maggots, the stench, the darkness, the sealed coffin, and my body soft and still—no senses, no movement, no breath, no sound, forever—just worms.

    A stark, visceral depiction of physical decay, rejecting any romanticized view of death.

  • Heart, we have wholly drain’d the cup of sadness, And found in sadness no reality; Now from the night of sadness let us go. Henceforward let us drain the cup of gladness, And find in gladness no reality; From sadness then and gladness let us go.

    My heart, we have completely drunk the cup of sorrow and discovered it has no substance; let us leave the night of sorrow. Now let us drink the cup of joy and find it also has no substance; then let us leave both sorrow and joy.

    The speaker concludes that both sadness and gladness are illusions, and seeks to transcend them both.