Tao Te Ching · Chapter
LXXIII explained
This chapter contrasts two forms of boldness: one that dares to defy the laws and leads to death, and one that dares not and thus lives.
What happens
This chapter contrasts two forms of boldness: one that dares to defy the laws and leads to death, and one that dares not and thus lives. It reflects on the difficulty of judgment and extols the way of Heaven, which achieves victory without striving, obtains answers without speaking, and draws people without calling. Heaven's net is vast and sparse, yet nothing escapes it.
Themes in this chapter
Wu Wei (Non-Action or Effortless Action)
Heaven does not strive yet overcomes; does not speak yet obtains a reply; does not call yet people come—illustrating the principle of effortless action.
The Soft Overcoming the Hard
The boldness of not daring (softness) leads to life, while daring (hardness) leads to death; Heaven's quiet, non-striving methods are ultimately effective.
Characters to notice
- Laozi
Attributed author of the Tao Te Ching; the chapter presents his teachings on boldness and the effortless efficacy of Heaven.
Key passages
“He whose boldness appears in his daring (to do wrong, in defiance of the laws) is put to death; he whose boldness appears in his not daring (to do so) lives on.”
One who acts boldly by breaking the law is killed; one who acts boldly by refraining from such action survives.
Contrasts two forms of courage: aggressive defiance versus restrained compliance.
“It is the way of Heaven not to strive, and yet it skilfully overcomes; not to speak, and yet it is skilful in (obtaining) a reply; does not call, and yet men come to it of themselves.”
Heaven's way achieves victory without effort, gets answers without speaking, and attracts people without summoning them.
Describes the effortless efficacy of the Tao.
“The meshes of the net of Heaven are large; far apart, but letting nothing escape.”
Heaven's net has wide, sparse meshes, yet nothing slips through.
Metaphor for the all-encompassing, inescapable justice of the natural order.