Tao Te Ching · Chapter
LXV explained
The chapter discusses the ancient Taoist practice of governing by keeping the people simple and ignorant, rather than enlightened.
What happens
The chapter discusses the ancient Taoist practice of governing by keeping the people simple and ignorant, rather than enlightened. It warns that ruling with wisdom brings calamity, while ruling without it brings blessing. The mysterious excellence of a ruler lies in knowing this model and rule, which makes him appear opposite to others yet leads them to great conformity.
Themes in this chapter
Simplicity and Humility
The chapter advocates making the people simple and ignorant, valuing simplicity over knowledge.
Sage Rulership and Governance
Contrasts the sage ruler, who avoids wisdom-based governance, with the scourge of a ruler who uses his wisdom.
Characters to notice
- Laozi
Speaker of the chapter, advocating for simplicity and ignorance in governance.
Key passages
“The ancients who showed their skill in practising the Tao did so, not to enlighten the people, but rather to make them simple and ignorant.”
Ancient masters of the Tao aimed to keep people unlearned and uncomplicated, not to educate them.
Highlights the Taoist principle of simplicity in governance.
“He who (tries to) govern a state by his wisdom is a scourge to it; while he who does not (try to) do so is a blessing.”
A ruler who uses his intelligence to govern brings disaster; one who refrains from doing so brings good fortune.
Contrasts two approaches to ruling, emphasizing the value of non-interference.