All chapters

Short Fiction · Chapter

XIX explained

The narrator reflects on a moment of unjust anger toward his servant Joannetti, who silently endured the reproach despite being owed wages.

What happens

The narrator reflects on a moment of unjust anger toward his servant Joannetti, who silently endured the reproach despite being owed wages. The narrator realizes his error when he remembers he has not paid Joannetti, and a tear of repentance falls as he wipes his own shoe.

Themes in this chapter

  • The Ordinary as Extraordinary

    The mundane act of shoe-brushing becomes a profound moment of moral reflection and repentance.

Characters to notice

  • Joanetti

    The servant who silently bears the narrator's unjust anger and is owed wages.

Key passages

  • I took the duster, and daintily wiped my left shoe, on which a tear of repentance had fallen.

    The narrator cleans his own shoe, and a tear of regret falls upon it.

    Symbolic act of repentance and self-reflection.

Short Fiction — XIX Explained