Seven Pillars of Wisdom · Chapter
CXVIII explained
Lawrence describes the final approach to Damascus, the pursuit of the retreating Turkish Fourth Army, and his reflections on the nature of soldiers and war.
What happens
Lawrence describes the final approach to Damascus, the pursuit of the retreating Turkish Fourth Army, and his reflections on the nature of soldiers and war. He coordinates with Barrow and Chauvel, meets Nasir and Nuri Shaalan, and witnesses the destruction of the Turkish column. The chapter ends with Lawrence's meditation on the uniformed soldiers and his own alienation from them.
Themes in this chapter
Suffering and Endurance
Lawrence reflects on the two years of effort, the misery forgotten or glorified, and the toll of war on the men.
Futility and Meaning
Lawrence's meditation on soldiers as 'death's livery' and the degradation of military service contrasts with the Arab irregulars' freedom.
Culture and Otherness
Lawrence feels alienated from the British and Australian soldiers, noting the differences in smell, demeanor, and spirit between them and the Arabs.
Characters to notice
- T.E. Lawrence
Narrates the chapter; drives to Damascus, coordinates with Barrow and Gregory, reflects on soldiers and his own role.
- General Barrow
Leads the Indian division; Lawrence interacts with him regarding the advance on Damascus.
- Sherif Nasir
Leading the Arab pursuit of the Turkish column; meets Lawrence near Kiswe.
- Nuri Shaalan
Rides with Nasir; commands the Rualla in the pursuit.
- Auda abu Tayi
Sets an ambush behind Jebel Mania; engages in the final battle against the Turks.
- Stirling
Travels with Lawrence in the Blue Mist; assists in coordinating with British forces.
Key passages
“The essence of the desert was the lonely moving individual, the son of the road, apart from the world as in a grave.”
Lawrence believes the desert's true nature is the solitary traveler, isolated from the world.
Reflects his preference for the Bedouin way of life over the massed armies.
“This death's livery which walled its bearers from ordinary life, was sign that they had sold their wills and bodies to the State.”
The uniform marks soldiers as having surrendered their autonomy to the state.
Lawrence critiques the dehumanizing effect of military discipline.