Laugh then! shed no more tears! be happy! explained

What happens

Themes in this chapter

• Social Class and Ambition

  Frederick's inheritance enables him to pursue a diplomatic career and social advancement in Paris, clashing with his mother's provincial ambitions.

• Love and Desire

  Frederick's longing to bring his fortune to Madame Arnoux contrasts with Louise's passionate, sorrowful farewell.

Characters to notice

• Frederick Moreau

  Inherits a fortune, decides to live in Paris and pursue diplomacy, bids farewell to Louise Roque.

• Madame Moreau

  Advises Frederick to settle in Troyes, but is swayed by his ambition and her own dreams.

• Louise Roque

  In mourning for her mother, bids a passionate farewell to Frederick.

• Deslauriers

  Frederick writes to him about the inheritance.

• Catherine

  Informs Frederick of Louise's wish to see him.

Key passages

• “Laugh then! shed no more tears! be happy!”

  Rejoice and stop crying; embrace happiness.

  Opening exclamation reflecting the joy of Frederick's inheritance.

• “Ah, it is too hard! exclaimed Frederick. He had scarcely grasped his good fortune in his hands when he longed to carry it to Madame Arnoux.”

  Frederick found it unbearable that he couldn't immediately share his newfound wealth with Madame Arnoux.

  Highlights Frederick's obsession with Madame Arnoux despite his inheritance.

• “She was choking with sobs. 'Good-bye! good-bye! embrace me then!' And she threw her arms about him passionately.”

  Louise, overcome with tears, desperately embraced Frederick in a final farewell.

  Depicts Louise's emotional and passionate goodbye.