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Poor Folk · Chapter

September 11th: My Darling Barbara Alexievna explained

Makar writes to Barbara, imploring her not to leave him now that his fortunes have improved.

What happens

Makar writes to Barbara, imploring her not to leave him now that his fortunes have improved. He describes a change for the better: his landlady is more accommodating, Theresa has recovered, Phaldoni is obedient, and he has reconciled with Rataziaev. He recounts telling others about his Excellency's kindness, though some laughed at his story. He expresses concern for Barbara's well-being and reflects on his past hardships, praying for forgiveness and thanking her for her support.

Themes in this chapter

  • Human Dignity and Self-Worth

    Makar's pride in recounting his Excellency's kindness and his need to assert his worth despite others' laughter.

  • Memory and Nostalgia

    Makar fondly recalls his youth, walking the Nevski Prospect and feeling lighthearted despite poverty.

  • Isolation and Loneliness

    Makar's desperate plea for Barbara not to leave him underscores his fear of isolation.

Characters to notice

  • Makar Alexievitch Dievushkin

    Narrates the letter, expressing joy at his improved fortunes and recounting his conversation about his Excellency's kindness.

  • Barbara Alexievna Dobroselova

    The recipient of the letter; Makar implores her not to leave him and expresses concern for her welfare.

  • Thedora

    Mentioned as someone whose advice Barbara should disregard.

  • Rataziaev

    Reconciled with Makar; he visited and read his latest work, and explained the term 'Lovelace' was a harmless jest.

  • Theresa

    Has recovered her senses, contributing to Makar's improved circumstances.

  • Phaldoni

    Now springs to do Makar's bidding, part of the positive change in his fortunes.

Key passages

  • I implore you not to leave me now that I am once more happy and contented.

    Makar begs Barbara to stay with him now that his situation has improved.

    Reflects his dependence on her for emotional stability.

  • How beautiful is the weather today, my little Barbara!

    Makar remarks on the pleasant weather, contrasting with his earlier despair.

    Shows his renewed optimism.

  • I considered it to be my duty to add my mite by publishing abroad the story of his Excellency’s gracious treatment of myself.

    Makar felt obligated to share the story of his Excellency's kindness with others.

    Highlights his need for validation and gratitude.