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On a Chinese Screen · Chapter

XXXVI: Democracy explained

The narrator observes a Chinese official's initial display of authority at an inn, followed by his casual camaraderie with a coolie, reflecting on the nature of democracy in the East versus the West.

What happens

The narrator observes a Chinese official's initial display of authority at an inn, followed by his casual camaraderie with a coolie, reflecting on the nature of democracy in the East versus the West. He argues that the Western obsession with cleanliness and the 'sanitary convenience' has created class divisions, while the Chinese, accustomed to strong odors, maintain a genuine social equality.

Themes in this chapter

  • Cultural Clash and Misunderstanding

    The narrator contrasts Western and Eastern attitudes toward smell, cleanliness, and social equality.

  • Hypocrisy and Moral Compromise

    The official's public display of authority contrasts with his private egalitarian behavior.

Characters to notice

  • The Stranger

    The narrator, who reflects on the events at the inn and the nature of democracy.

  • The Officer

    The stout Chinese official who initially storms about the inn but later chats amicably with a coolie.

Key passages

  • The invention of the 'sanitary convenience' has destroyed the sense of equality in men.

    Modern plumbing has undermined social equality by emphasizing differences in hygiene.

    The narrator argues that the water closet created class divisions based on smell.

  • In the East man is man’s equal in a sense you find neither in Europe nor in America.

    Eastern societies exhibit a natural equality among people that is absent in Western cultures.

    Observation of the official and coolie chatting as equals.