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Oliver Twist · Chapter

XLVIII: The Flight of Sikes explained

After murdering Nancy, Bill Sikes is consumed by guilt and paranoia.

What happens

After murdering Nancy, Bill Sikes is consumed by guilt and paranoia. He attempts to flee London, wandering aimlessly through Islington, Highgate, Hampstead Heath, and Hatfield. Haunted by the vision of Nancy's corpse, he struggles to find food or rest. In a public-house, a peddler's jest about a stain on his hat nearly exposes him, and he overhears news of the murder spreading. Sikes continues his flight, tormented by the phantom of his victim.

Themes in this chapter

  • Crime and Punishment

    Sikes' psychological torment and failed escape illustrate the theme that murderers cannot escape justice, whether legal or divine.

  • Compassion and Redemption

    The absence of compassion in Sikes' flight—his inability to find solace or aid—underscores his complete moral degradation and lack of redemption.

Characters to notice

  • Bill Sikes

    Overwhelmed by guilt and paranoia after murdering Nancy, Sikes flees London, wandering aimlessly and tormented by visions of his victim.

  • Nancy

    Though deceased, Nancy's corpse and ghostly presence haunt Sikes throughout his flight, symbolizing his inescapable guilt.

Key passages

  • Of all bad deeds that, under cover of the darkness, had been committed within wide London’s bounds since night hung over it, that was the worst.

    Nancy's murder is portrayed as the most heinous crime committed in London that night.

    The narrator emphasizes the severity of Sikes' act.

  • He tried to shut it out, but it would stream in.

    Sikes cannot block out the sunlight that illuminates Nancy's body.

    The sun symbolizes inescapable truth and guilt.

  • Let no man talk of murderers escaping justice, and hint that Providence must sleep.

    No one should claim that murderers can evade punishment or that divine justice is inactive.

    The narrator asserts that Sikes' torment is a form of divine retribution.

Oliver Twist — XLVIII: The Flight of Sikes Explained