Letters Written During a Short Residence in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark · Chapter
Letter VII explained
Wollstonecraft details the mild legal system of Norway and Denmark, the humane reforms of the Prince Royal, and the relatively free and egalitarian society she observes.
What happens
Wollstonecraft details the mild legal system of Norway and Denmark, the humane reforms of the Prince Royal, and the relatively free and egalitarian society she observes. She discusses the economy, the distribution of property, the character of the people, and the influence of the French Revolution, while also recounting anecdotes that illustrate the prince's benevolence.
Themes in this chapter
Social Critique and Class
Wollstonecraft contrasts the egalitarian distribution of small farms and the independence of Norwegian farmers with the oppressive feudal systems elsewhere, and critiques the lack of scientific knowledge and public spirit.
Freedom and Despotism
Despite being under an absolute monarch, Norwegians enjoy freedoms such as a free press, mild laws, and patriarchal but accountable local governance, which Wollstonecraft praises as the most free community she has observed.
Commerce and Morality
Discusses the economic structure of Norway, including the salt works, trade restrictions resembling Ireland's subordination, and the mercantile class's focus on profit over intellectual or moral improvement.
Characters to notice
- Mary Wollstonecraft
The narrator and observer, reflecting on Norwegian society, law, and the Prince Royal's character.
- Count Bernstorff
Mentioned as the Prime Minister of Denmark who guides the Prince Royal's ambitions.
- Gilbert Imlay
The recipient of the letter, addressed as 'you' throughout.
Key passages
“The laws here are mild, and do not punish capitally for any crime but murder, which seldom occurs.”
The legal system is lenient, with capital punishment reserved only for murder, a rare crime.
Wollstonecraft highlights the humane nature of Norwegian law.
“The Norwegians appear to me to be the most free community I have ever observed.”
Wollstonecraft considers the Norwegians the freest people she has encountered.
A key observation on the political and social freedom in Norway.
“The French Revolution will have this effect.”
The French Revolution will broaden public spirit and political discussion.
Wollstonecraft connects the Revolution to potential intellectual and civic awakening in Norway.