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Les Misérables · Chapter

Change of Gate explained

Cosette, now a young girl, lives with Jean Valjean in a secluded garden house in the Rue Plumet.

What happens

Cosette, now a young girl, lives with Jean Valjean in a secluded garden house in the Rue Plumet. She explores the wild garden and adores Jean Valjean, who reads and converses with her. Cosette has only a confused memory of her childhood with the Thénardiers and knows nothing of her mother Fantine, as Jean Valjean cannot bring himself to speak of her. The garden, once a place of gallantry, has become a chaste retreat. Cosette, educated in a convent, is innocent and ignorant, and the solitude of the house presents both sweetness and danger for her developing heart.

Themes in this chapter

  • Love and Compassion

    Cosette's deep filial love for Jean Valjean and his tender, self-sacrificing care for her are central to the chapter.

  • Suffering and Sacrifice

    Jean Valjean's silent suffering over Fantine's memory and his humble lifestyle reflect his sacrificial nature.

  • The Human Condition and Fate

    The chapter explores Cosette's transition from childhood innocence to the brink of womanhood, and the mysterious forces shaping her destiny.

Characters to notice

  • Jean Valjean

    Lives with Cosette in the Rue Plumet, reads and converses with her, and cannot bring himself to speak of Fantine.

  • Cosette

    Now a young girl just past fourteen, explores the garden, adores Jean Valjean, and has only vague memories of her childhood and mother.

  • Fantine

    Cosette's mother, whose name Jean Valjean cannot utter; her memory is a sacred shadow in their lives.

  • Thénardier

    Remains in Cosette's memory as a hideous figure from her childhood.

  • Madame Thénardier

    Also remembered by Cosette as a hideous figure from her past.

Key passages

  • Cosette adored the goodman. She was always at his heels. Where Jean Valjean was, there happiness was.

    Cosette loved Jean Valjean completely and followed him everywhere; his presence meant happiness for her.

    Illustrates the deep bond between Cosette and Jean Valjean.

  • Nothing prepares a young girl for passions like the convent. The convent turns the thoughts in the direction of the unknown.

    The convent is the worst preparation for a girl's future passions, as it directs her thoughts toward mystery and fantasy.

    Hugo critiques convent education for fostering dangerous ignorance and romantic idealism.

Les Misérables — Change of Gate Explained