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Les Misérables · Chapter

Just Indignation of a Hairdresser explained

A hairdresser shaves an old soldier of the Empire while they discuss the Emperor's horse and battle wounds.

What happens

A hairdresser shaves an old soldier of the Empire while they discuss the Emperor's horse and battle wounds. Their conversation is interrupted when a stone thrown by Gavroche shatters the shop window, prompting the hairdresser's outrage.

Themes in this chapter

  • The Human Condition and Fate

    The soldier's matter-of-fact recounting of his many wounds contrasts with the hairdresser's romanticized view of dying in battle, highlighting different perspectives on fate and suffering.

Characters to notice

  • Gavroche

    Throws a stone through the hairdresser's window as he flees, recalling the two little boys he had earlier taken in.

Key passages

  • How did the Emperor ride, sir?

    The hairdresser asks the veteran about Napoleon's horsemanship.

    Reveals the common man's curiosity about the Emperor's personal habits.

  • You're not over fastidious.

    The soldier dismisses the hairdresser's wish to die gloriously in battle.

    Shows the veteran's pragmatic view of war's horrors versus the civilian's romanticism.

Les Misérables — Just Indignation of a Hairdresser Explained