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Les Misérables · Chapter

Book IV: Javert Derailed explained

Javert, having been released by Jean Valjean during the barricade, grapples with the moral crisis of being shown mercy by a man he has relentlessly pursued.

What happens

Javert, having been released by Jean Valjean during the barricade, grapples with the moral crisis of being shown mercy by a man he has relentlessly pursued. Unable to reconcile his rigid worldview with Valjean's compassion, Javert ultimately takes his own life by throwing himself into the Seine.

Themes in this chapter

  • Mercy and Forgiveness

    Valjean's decision to release Javert exemplifies radical mercy, which shatters Javert's black-and-white moral code.

  • Justice vs. Law

    Javert's suicide reflects the collapse of his belief that law and justice are identical, as he cannot accept a higher moral law of compassion.

Characters to notice

  • Javert

    Javert is released by Valjean and experiences a profound internal conflict, leading to his suicide.

  • Jean Valjean

    Valjean spares Javert's life at the barricade, an act of mercy that precipitates Javert's crisis.

Key passages

  • Javert, having been released by Jean Valjean during the barricade, grapples with the moral crisis of being shown mercy by a man he has relentlessly pursued.

    After Valjean frees him at the barricade, Javert struggles with the ethical turmoil of receiving compassion from his lifelong quarry.

    Summarizes Javert's pivotal internal conflict.

Les Misérables — Book IV: Javert Derailed Explained