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How to Tell the Birds from the Flowers and Other Woodcuts · Chapter

The Ibis; The ’Ibiscus explained

This chapter contrasts the sacred Ibis, a bird embalmed and mummified in ancient rituals, with the 'Ibiscus (Mallow), a bog plant that resists desiccation and lacks religious veneration.

What happens

This chapter contrasts the sacred Ibis, a bird embalmed and mummified in ancient rituals, with the 'Ibiscus (Mallow), a bog plant that resists desiccation and lacks religious veneration.

Themes in this chapter

  • Nature and Classification

    The chapter classifies the Ibis as a 'Bird-of-Pray' and contrasts it with the Mallow plant, highlighting differences in treatment and veneration.

  • Cultural and Literary Reference

    References ancient Egyptian mummification rituals and the term 'pedagogues' for teachers, linking to historical and literary contexts.

Characters to notice

  • the Birds

    The Ibis is classified as a 'Bird-of-Pray' and undergoes mummification.

Key passages

  • The sacred Ibis, one might say, Was classified a “Bird-of-Pray”

    The holy Ibis was considered a bird that prayed or was prayed to.

    Puns on 'bird of prey' and 'bird of pray' to emphasize its sacred status.

  • His body, after death, was dried, Embalmed in pitch, and mummyfied

    After dying, the Ibis was dried out, preserved with pitch, and turned into a mummy.

    Describes the ancient Egyptian mummification process for the Ibis.

  • The Mallow, growing in the bogs, (’Ibiscus termed by pedagogues) Is much opposed to dessication, And bears no marks of veneration.

    The Mallow, which grows in swamps and is called 'Ibiscus by teachers, strongly resists drying out and shows no signs of being worshipped.

    Contrasts the plant's resistance to drying with the Ibis's mummification, and notes its lack of religious significance.