Household Tales · Chapter
The Duration of Life explained
God assigns lifespans to the ass, dog, monkey, and man.
What happens
God assigns lifespans to the ass, dog, monkey, and man. Each animal complains and is granted a shorter life, while man finds thirty years too short and receives the animals' discarded years, resulting in a seventy-year lifespan divided into human, ass, dog, and monkey stages.
Themes in this chapter
Transformation and Redemption
Man's life transforms through stages borrowed from animals, each bringing new hardships.
Virtue Rewarded and Vice Punished
The animals' complaints are heard and their burdens lightened, while man's greed for more years leads to a life of suffering.
Characters to notice
- God
Creates the world and assigns lifespans to creatures.
- the ass
Complains about his painful existence and is relieved of eighteen years.
- the dog
Fears losing his voice and teeth, and is released from twelve years.
- the monkey
Bemoans his sour existence and is granted ten fewer years.
- man
Begs for a longer life and receives the animals' discarded years.
Key passages
“When it rains porridge I have no spoon.”
Even when good things happen, I lack the means to enjoy them.
The monkey's complaint about his lot in life.
“How often sadness hides itself behind mirth!”
Joy often conceals underlying sorrow.
The monkey's reflection on the deceptive nature of happiness.