All chapters

Short Works · Chapter

CXXXV explained

The chapter distinguishes between the ignorant person, who is dissatisfied with present circumstances and fortune's gifts, and the good person, who bears these things nobly and rationally.

What happens

The chapter distinguishes between the ignorant person, who is dissatisfied with present circumstances and fortune's gifts, and the good person, who bears these things nobly and rationally.

Themes in this chapter

  • Acceptance of Nature and Fate

    The core distinction is between rejecting one's given circumstances (ignorance) and accepting them with noble rationality (goodness).

  • Practical Ethics and Self-Discipline

    Defines the 'good man' by the practical, disciplined action of bearing fortune's allotments well.

Key passages

  • He who is dissatisfied with things present and what is given by fortune is an ignorant man ( ἰδιώτης ) in life

    To be unhappy with your current situation and what chance has provided is the mark of an unphilosophical, common man.

    Highlights the Stoic view that discontent with externals signifies a lack of wisdom.

  • but he who bears them nobly and rationally and the things which proceed from them is worthy of being considered a good man.

    But the person who endures these circumstances with dignity and reason, including their consequences, deserves to be called a good person.

    Establishes that ethical goodness is found in one's rational and noble response to events, not in the events themselves.