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Short Works · Chapter

CLVIII explained

A concise instruction on achieving emotional tranquility by mentally reframing future events as if they have already occurred, thereby practicing acceptance.

What happens

A concise instruction on achieving emotional tranquility by mentally reframing future events as if they have already occurred, thereby practicing acceptance.

Themes in this chapter

  • Acceptance of Nature and Fate

    The core technique involves accepting future events as unchangeable facts, aligning one's mindset with fate.

  • Inner Freedom and Slavery

    The advice aims to free the mind from sorrow (a passion) by changing its judgment about anticipated events.

Characters to notice

  • Epictetus

    The author of the aphorism, advising on a mental technique for equanimity.

Key passages

  • If you wish to live a life free from sorrow, think of what is going to happen as if it had already happened.

    To avoid distress, mentally treat future events as past and therefore unchangeable.

    A practical exercise in premeditatio malorum (premeditation of evils) to cultivate acceptance.