Letter 517: Mr. Belford, to Colonel Morden explained

What happens

Themes in this chapter

• Suffering and Redemption

  Belford argues that Lovelace has already suffered enough through loss of reason and reflection, and that Clarissa's forgiveness should guide Morden's actions.

• Family Obligation and Rebellion

  Belford contends that the Harlowe family's persecution and implacableness share blame with Lovelace, complicating Morden's duty to avenge Clarissa.

• Deception and Appearance vs. Reality

  Belford notes that Lovelace's bravery and skill at weapons might seem to invite a duel, but he urges Morden to see the deeper reality of Clarissa's wishes and the futility of revenge.

Characters to notice

• John Belford

  Writes to Colonel Morden in a serious and solemn manner, fulfilling his promise to Clarissa to prevent further mischief.

• Colonel Morden

  Addressed by Belford; said to have declared he will not rest until he avenges Clarissa's wrongs upon Lovelace.

• Clarissa Harlowe

  The divine lady whose posthumous letters and injunctions Belford cites; her virtue is described as inviolate and her will unbroken.

• Robert Lovelace

  The unhappy man who has suffered loss of reason and is now recovering; Belford argues he has already been punished enough.

• James Harlowe Jr.

  Mentioned as recipient of one of Clarissa's posthumous letters, which Belford sends to Morden.

Key passages

• “I will not content myself with distant hints. It is with very great concern that I have just now heard of a declaration which you are said to have made to your relations at Harlowe-place, that you will not rest till you have avenged your cousin’s wrongs upon Mr. Lovelace.”

  Belford states he will speak plainly, having heard that Morden has vowed to avenge Clarissa's wrongs against Lovelace.

  Belford directly addresses the rumor of Morden's vengeful intent.

• “Far be it from me to offer to defend the unhappy man, or even unduly to extenuate his crime! But yet I must say, that the family, by their persecutions of the dear lady at first, and by their implacableness afterwards, ought, at least, to share the blame with him.”

  Belford does not excuse Lovelace but insists the Harlowe family's persecution of Clarissa also contributed to the tragedy.

  Belford distributes blame beyond Lovelace alone.

• “Reflect, my dear Colonel Morden, that the highest injury was to her : her family all have a share in the cause : she forgives it: Why should we not endeavour to imitate what we admire?”

  Belford urges Morden to remember that Clarissa forgave the injury, and that they should follow her example.

  Belford appeals to Morden's admiration for Clarissa's virtue.