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Beyond Good and Evil · Chapter

Aphorism 181 explained

A single, stark aphorism declaring that responding with a blessing when one is being cursed is an act contrary to human nature.

What happens

A single, stark aphorism declaring that responding with a blessing when one is being cursed is an act contrary to human nature.

Themes in this chapter

  • Psychology as the Fundamental Science

    The aphorism is a psychological claim about the 'inhuman' nature of a specific moral response, probing the instincts beneath moral postures.

  • Master vs. Slave Morality

    Implies a critique of the 'slavish' or Christian ideal of turning the other cheek, suggesting it is unnatural and a denial of honest, reactive instincts.

Characters to notice

  • The Narrator

    Delivers the aphoristic judgment on human nature and moral psychology.

Key passages

  • It is inhuman to bless when one is being cursed.

    To offer a blessing in response to a curse goes against fundamental human instinct.

    Condemns a specific moral injunction as psychologically unnatural.