John Stuart Mill

John Stuart Mill (1806–1873) was an English philosopher, political economist, and civil servant. Educated rigorously by his father, James Mill, he became a leading exponent of utilitarianism and classical liberalism. His major works include A System of Logic (1843), Principles of Political Economy (1848), and On Liberty (1859), which argues for the protection of individual autonomy against societal and governmental coercion. Mill also wrote The Subjection of Women (1869), a pioneering feminist treatise. His literary legacy lies in his synthesis of empirical philosophy with humanistic concerns, influencing later liberal thought and debates on free speech, democracy, and social justice.