Aspects of the Novel · Chapter
Conclusion explained
Forster reflects on the future of the novel, arguing that while historical circumstances change, art remains static.
What happens
Forster reflects on the future of the novel, arguing that while historical circumstances change, art remains static. He speculates on whether human nature can change and suggests that if it does, it will be through a new way of self-perception, which could transform the novelist's craft. He concludes by contrasting the onrush of history with a shy, crablike movement of the human mind.
Themes in this chapter
Time vs. Value
Forster contrasts the static nature of art with the developing onrush of history.
Character and Human Nature
Explores whether human nature can change and how that might affect the novelist's vision.
Characters to notice
- Unknown Narrator
The narrator reflects on the future of the novel and human nature.
- Mr. I. A. Richards
Mentioned as an acute enquirer who believes self-contemplation may end imaginative literature.
Key passages
“History develops, art stands still.”
While historical circumstances evolve, artistic principles remain constant.
Forster's central thesis on the relationship between art and history.
“If the novelist sees himself differently he will see his characters differently and a new system of lighting will result.”
A change in the novelist's self-perception would lead to a transformed portrayal of characters and a fresh narrative perspective.
Forster speculates on the potential for creative transformation.