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Analects · Chapter

XXXVI explained

Confucius contrasts the superior man, who is satisfied and composed, with the mean man, who is always full of distress.

What happens

Confucius contrasts the superior man, who is satisfied and composed, with the mean man, who is always full of distress.

Themes in this chapter

  • The Superior Man

    The chapter directly defines the superior man's characteristic of being satisfied and composed, contrasting it with the mean man's distress.

Characters to notice

  • Confucius

    The Master delivers a concise aphorism on the disposition of the superior man versus the mean man.

Key passages

  • The superior man is satisfied and composed; the mean man is always full of distress.

    The exemplary person remains serene and content, whereas the petty person is perpetually anxious and troubled.

    This aphorism highlights the inner peace that comes from virtue, in contrast to the turmoil of the unvirtuous.