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A Farewell to Arms · Chapter

XXXI explained

After escaping the river, Frederic Henry crosses the Venetian plain on foot, hungry and cold, and eventually hops a freight train carrying artillery, hiding under the canvas among the guns as he heads toward Mestre.

What happens

After escaping the river, Frederic Henry crosses the Venetian plain on foot, hungry and cold, and eventually hops a freight train carrying artillery, hiding under the canvas among the guns as he heads toward Mestre.

Themes in this chapter

  • Escape and Retreat

    Frederic's physical escape from the river and his retreat across the plain, culminating in his clandestine train ride.

  • War and Disillusionment

    The grim, wet landscape and Frederic's solitary, desperate journey reflect the disillusionment with war.

Characters to notice

  • Frederic Henry

    Narrates his escape from the river, crossing the plain, and stowing away on a train carrying guns.

Key passages

  • I was lucky to have a heavy timber to hold on to, and I lay in the icy water with my chin on the wood, holding as easily as I could with both hands.

    Frederic clung to a large piece of wood in the cold, swift river, resting his chin on it to stay afloat.

    Highlights his struggle to survive in the floodwaters.

  • I took out my knife, cut the cord and put my arm under. There were hard bulges under the canvas that tightened in the rain.

    He used his knife to slice the lacing and slipped his arm beneath the canvas covering, feeling the hard shapes of the guns.

    Shows his resourcefulness in boarding the train.