# XXV explained — What Is to Be Done?

> Chapter companion for What Is to Be Done? by Nikolay Chernyshevsky.

## What happens

Vera Pavlovna struggles with her feelings for Kirsanov while trying to maintain her marriage to Lopukhov. Lopukhov gently confronts her, arguing that her suffering is unnecessary and that she should follow her true feelings. They have their first and last quarrel, but reconcile with Lopukhov urging her to prioritize her own happiness.

## Themes in this chapter

### Rational Egoism

Lopukhov argues that Vera's suffering is pointless and that true happiness comes from following one's genuine feelings, a core tenet of rational egoism.

### Love and Marriage

The chapter explores the tension between marital duty and emerging romantic feelings, questioning the nature of love and sacrifice.

## Character check-ins

### Viéra Pavlovna

Struggles with her feelings for Kirsanov, tries to distract herself with work, quarrels with Lopukhov but reconciles.

### Dmitri Sergéitch Lopukhóf

Initiates a conversation about shared living arrangements, reveals his awareness of Vera's feelings, and urges her to follow her heart.

## Key lines

> The best distraction for thoughts is work

Work is the most effective way to take one's mind off troubling thoughts.

_Vera tries to cope with her emotional turmoil by immersing herself in work at the shop._

> I shall not allow you to speak to me in dark words. Dare to speak freely what you mean!

I won't tolerate your hints; say plainly what you intend.

_Vera angrily confronts Lopukhov when she suspects he is indirectly addressing her feelings for Kirsanov._

> Does it not consist in the fact that you are happy in the happiness, that you suffer with the suffering, of the one whom you love.

True love means sharing in the joy and pain of the beloved.

_Lopukhov explains his view of love to persuade Vera that her suffering causes him pain too._

## Links

- HTML: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/what_is_to_be_done_se/chapters/xxv
- Book: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/what_is_to_be_done_se
- All chapters: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/what_is_to_be_done_se/chapters