# Endnotes explained — Vathek

> Chapter companion for Vathek by William Beckford.

## What happens

This chapter provides scholarly annotations and references for the main text, clarifying Islamic and Persian terms, mythological beings, historical figures, and cultural practices referenced in the story of Vathek.

## Themes in this chapter

### Unbridled Curiosity and the Pursuit of Forbidden Knowledge

The notes reference astrological prophecy and the study of astrology by Vathek, reflecting the theme of forbidden knowledge.

### Impiety and Blasphemy

The note on Vathek's profanation of ablution and prayer highlights his impiety.

### The Supernatural and Inescapable Fate

Extensive notes on Genii, Dives, Peris, the Simurgh, and other supernatural beings underscore the theme of supernatural forces.

## Character check-ins

### Vathek

Referenced in notes about his 'terrible eye' and profanation of ablution and prayer.

### Muhammad

Mentioned in notes regarding the title of Caliph, the Virgins of Paradise, and the conversion of Genii.

### Soliman Ben Daoud

Referenced in the note about the Queen of Sheba (Balkis) and his throne.

### Gian Ben Gian

Mentioned as the monarch of the Genii.

## Key lines

> This title amongst the Muhammadans comprehends the concrete character of prophet, priest, and king; and is used to signify 'the Vicar of God on earth.'

Among Muslims, the title of Caliph combines the roles of prophet, priest, and king, meaning 'God's representative on earth.'

_Clarifies the meaning of Caliph._

> The Virgins of Paradise, called, from their large black eyes, Hur al oyun. An intercourse with these, according to the institution of Muhammad, is to constitute the principal felicity of the faithful.

The houris of Paradise, with their large black eyes, are promised to the faithful as the main reward in the afterlife according to Muhammad's teachings.

_Explains the concept of houris._

> Genn or Ginn, in the Arabic, signifies a Genius or Demon—a being of a higher order, and formed of more subtle matter than man.

In Arabic, 'jinn' refers to a genius or demon, a being of a higher order made of finer substance than humans.

_Defines jinn in Islamic mythology._

## Links

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