# The Uncalled — Themes

> Major themes in The Uncalled by Paul Laurence Dunbar.

## Repression and Authenticity

The novel explores how Fred Brent's strict, religious upbringing by Miss Prime forces him to repress his natural emotions and desires, leading to inner conflict and a struggle to live authentically against imposed roles.

## Determinism vs. Free Will

Fred is haunted by his parents' disreputable past and the town's expectations, questioning whether he can escape his heredity and environment or if he is doomed to repeat their patterns despite his efforts.

## Hypocrisy and Religion

The book critiques organized religion's narrowness and hypocrisy, as seen in Miss Prime's rigid piety, Mr. Simpson's manipulative sermons, and the community's judgmental attitude toward Fred's background.

## Social Class and Judgment

The town of Dexter is sharply divided by class, with Fred's origins on the 'mean street' marking him as an outsider, subject to constant scrutiny and prejudice even as he rises in status.

## Gender Roles and Ambition

Miss Prime's ambition to make Fred a preacher reflects her own thwarted agency, while Elizabeth's submissiveness and the gossipy women illustrate the limited roles and expectations placed on women in the community.

## Parental Legacy and Identity

Fred's identity is shaped by the legacy of his alcoholic father and deceased mother, forcing him to grapple with shame, anger, and the desire to define himself apart from their failures.

## Love and Control

Relationships in the novel, such as Fred's with Elizabeth and Miss Prime, are often marked by control rather than genuine affection, with love used as a tool for manipulation or conformity.

## Community and Gossip

The small-town setting is defined by pervasive gossip, as characters like Mrs. Martin and Mrs. Smith constantly surveil and judge others, shaping public opinion and influencing Fred's fate.

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