# The Problems of Philosophy — Character guide

> Key figures in The Problems of Philosophy by Bertrand Russell.

- [Immanuel Kant](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/kant_immanuel_kant.md): German philosopher whose ideas on a priori knowledge are critically examined.
- [Descartes](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/descartes.md): French philosopher whose method of doubt and cogito are discussed.
- [Bishop Berkeley](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/bishop_berkeley.md): Idealist philosopher whose esse est percipi doctrine is refuted.
- [Plato](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/plato.md): Ancient Greek philosopher whose theory of universals is foundational.
- [Socrates](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/socrates.md): Classical Greek philosopher referenced in discussions of universals.
- [Leibniz](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/leibniz.md): Rationalist philosopher whose principle of sufficient reason is mentioned.
- [Hume](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/hume.md): Empiricist philosopher whose skepticism about induction is discussed.
- [Hegel](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/hegel.md): German idealist philosopher briefly critiqued for his view of reality.
- [Julius Caesar](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/julius_caesar.md): Roman emperor used as an example in knowledge by description.
- [Charles I](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/charles_i.md): English king used as an example of historical knowledge.
- [Bismarck](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/bismarck.md): German statesman used as an example in knowledge by description.
- [Othello](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/othello.md): Shakespearean character used as an example of acquaintance.
- [Desdemona](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/desdemona.md): Shakespearean character used as an example of acquaintance.
- [Cassio](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/cassio.md): Shakespearean character used as an example of acquaintance.
- [George IV](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/george_iv.md): British king used as an example in a logical puzzle.
- [Jones](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/jones.md): Hypothetical person used in examples about knowledge.
- [Brown](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/brown.md): Hypothetical person used in examples about knowledge.
- [Robinson](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/robinson.md): Hypothetical person used in examples about knowledge.
- [Smith](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/smith.md): Hypothetical person used in examples about knowledge.
- [Hylas](https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_problems_of_philosophy_se/characters/hylas.md): Fictional interlocutor in Berkeley's dialogues, referenced in discussion.

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