# LXXIV explained — The Deluge

> Chapter companion for The Deluge by Henryk Sienkiewicz.

## What happens

King Yan Kazimir advances with his army between the San and Vistula rivers, pursued by Charnyetski, Vitovski, and Lyubomirski. The Swedes, under Karl Gustav, fortify themselves in a triangular position between the two rivers, hoping for supplies from Sandomir. Charnyetski crosses the Vistula, gathers a peasant force, and storms Sandomir, driving the Swedes into the castle. The Swedish commander Schinkler sets a trap with gunpowder, causing a massive explosion that kills over five hundred Poles, but Sandomir remains in Polish hands. The Swedish army is now besieged between the rivers. Charnyetski meets with Sapyeha to coordinate the siege, while Zagloba, Volodyovski, and Kmita discuss the situation. Roh Kovalski attempts a reckless raid to capture a Swedish sentry and disappears, presumed dead.

## Themes in this chapter

### War and Destruction

The explosion of Sandomir castle kills over five hundred Poles, illustrating the brutal and destructive nature of the conflict.

### National Identity and Resistance

Charnyetski and Sapyeha set aside personal ambition for the good of the Commonwealth, embodying patriotic resistance against the Swedish invaders.

### Honor and Betrayal

Roh Kovalski's reckless attempt to capture a sentry reflects a personal quest for honor, while Schinkler's deceitful trap represents betrayal.

## Character check-ins

### Stefan Charnyetski

Leads the Polish forces, plans and executes the capture of Sandomir, and meets with Sapyeha to coordinate the siege.

### Yan Kazimir

The Polish king, marches with the rearguard and advances toward the wedge between the San and Vistula.

### Karl Gustav

The Swedish king, watches the explosion of Sandomir castle with delight, but his army remains trapped.

### Zagloba

Comments on the meeting between Charnyetski and Sapyeha, and despairs over Roh Kovalski's disappearance.

### Pan Michael Volodyovski

Present with Zagloba and Kmita, discusses the situation and Roh's fate.

### Babinich

Seen from a distance, looking thin and preoccupied; later reacts to Roh's disappearance.

### Roh Kovalski

Attempts to capture a Swedish sentry across the river and is lost, presumed dead.

### Yan Sapyeha

Grand hetman of Lithuania, positions his army on the San and meets with Charnyetski.

## Key lines

> We will prepare a cruel spectacle for them, said he, at a council of war. They will look on from the opposite bank when we strike the town, and they will not be able to give aid across the Vistula; and when we have Sandomir we will not let provisions come from Wirtz in Krakow.

Charnyetski declares that they will stage a devastating attack on Sandomir, visible to the Swedes across the river, cutting off their supply line from Krakow.

_Charnyetski's strategic plan to besiege Sandomir and starve the Swedish army._

> The trap is closed! said the soldiers to one another in the Polish camps.

Polish soldiers exclaim that the Swedish army is completely surrounded and doomed.

_The encirclement of the Swedish forces between the San and Vistula rivers._

## Links

- HTML: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_deluge_se/chapters/lxxiv
- Book: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_deluge_se
- All chapters: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/the_deluge_se/chapters