# XIII: The Third Trial Fails explained — Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc

> Chapter companion for Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc by Mark Twain.

## What happens

The third trial against Joan begins, with Bishop Cauchon and his court presenting a new set of sixty-six charges. Joan defends herself with courage and simplicity, refusing to accept counsel from her accusers and denying the distorted accusations. The chapter highlights the unfairness of the proceedings and Joan's steadfast faith.

## Themes in this chapter

### Injustice and Corruption of Power

Cauchon's manipulation of the trial, the false charges, and the denial of fair process exemplify the corruption of ecclesiastical authority.

### Courage and Resilience

Joan's steadfast refusal to betray her oath, her calm defiance, and her willingness to face death rather than compromise her faith.

### Truth Versus Propaganda

The sixty-six articles distort Joan's life and actions, turning her virtues into crimes, highlighting the battle between truth and falsehood.

## Character check-ins

### Joan of Arc

Defends herself against false charges, refuses to lay off male attire without God's permission, and maintains her integrity despite the court's treachery.

### Pierre Cauchon

Presides over the trial, manipulates proceedings, and seeks to convict Joan to gain the Archbishopric of Rouen.

### Louis de Conte

Narrates the events, expressing outrage at the trial's unfairness and admiration for Joan's spirit.

### Nicolas Loyseleur

Mentioned as part of the court's 'reptiles' from which Joan could choose counsel.

### Thomas de Courcelles

Reads the sixty-six articles of the new charges against Joan.

### Manchon

Referenced as the clerk who records Joan's previous answers.

## Key lines

> If any kissed my hands and my vestments it was not by my desire, and I did what I could to prevent it.

Joan denies seeking adoration, stating that any kissing of her hands or clothes was against her wishes.

_Joan refutes the charge of idolatry._

> I would rather die than be untrue to my oath to God.

Joan declares she would choose death over breaking her vow to God.

_Joan's refusal to abandon male attire despite pressure._

> To begin with, I demanded that peace should be made. If it was refused, then I would fight.

Joan explains that her mission prioritized peace, with war only as a last resort.

_Joan clarifies her approach to conflict._

> It is the prerogative of Our Lord to choose His instruments where He will.

Joan asserts that God can choose anyone, regardless of status, for His purposes.

_Joan responds to doubts about her mission due to her lowly background._

## Links

- HTML: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/personal_recollections_of_joan_of_arc_se/chapters/xiii-the-third-trial-fails
- Book: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/personal_recollections_of_joan_of_arc_se
- All chapters: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/personal_recollections_of_joan_of_arc_se/chapters