# LII explained — Of Human Bondage

> Chapter companion for Of Human Bondage by W. Somerset Maugham.

## What happens

Philip returns to Blackstable after Aunt Louisa's death. He informs his uncle that he has abandoned painting and intends to study medicine. The chapter explores Philip's resolve and his uncle's pragmatic, sometimes insensitive, reactions.

## Themes in this chapter

### Suffering and Disillusionment

Philip reflects on his aunt's wasted life and feels his own mortality; his uncle's casual remarks about the funeral and Mary Ann's dismissal highlight the mundane aftermath of grief.

### Art and Authenticity

Philip abandons painting after realizing he would only be a second-rate artist; he values authenticity over pretense.

### Freedom and Determinism

Philip asserts his independence from his uncle's advice, decides on medicine impulsively, and embraces the consequences of his own choices.

## Character check-ins

### Philip Carey

Returns to Blackstable after Aunt Louisa's death; decides to abandon art and study medicine; shows emotional restraint and resolve.

### William Carey

Recently widowed; reads the paper, eats heartily, discusses funeral wreaths, and gives Mary Ann notice; questions Philip's decisions and mentions his clubfoot.

### Mrs. Carey

Aunt Louisa has died; Philip views her body and reflects on her wasted life.

### Mary Ann

Longtime servant at the vicarage; given notice by Mr. Carey after Aunt Louisa's death.

### Josiah Graves

Churchwarden and bank manager; comes to dinner at the vicarage after the funeral.

## Key lines

> I learned to look at hands, which I'd never looked at before. And instead of just looking at houses and trees I learned to look at houses and trees against the sky. And I learned also that shadows are not black but coloured.

Philip tells his uncle that his time in Paris taught him to observe details like hands, the silhouettes of houses and trees, and the colors in shadows.

_Philip defends his art education by emphasizing the perceptual skills he gained._

> I don't think there's much object in being a second-rate painter, and I came to the conclusion that I should never be anything else.

Philip explains that he gave up painting because he realized he would never be more than mediocre.

_Philip's decision to abandon art reflects his growing self-awareness and pragmatism._

> I daresay one profits more by the mistakes one makes off one's own bat than by doing the right thing on somebody's else advice.

Philip argues that learning from one's own errors is more valuable than following others' correct guidance.

_Philip asserts his independence and belief in personal experience._

## Links

- HTML: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/of_human_bondage_se/chapters/lii
- Book: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/of_human_bondage_se
- All chapters: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/of_human_bondage_se/chapters