# Chicago explained — Not Without Laughter

> Chapter companion for Not Without Laughter by Langston Hughes.

## What happens

Sandy leaves Stanton and travels to Chicago to reunite with his mother Annjee after five years. He arrives with high expectations but finds the city's industrial landscape disappointing. Annjee has arranged a job for him at a hotel through Mr. Harris, and they share a small room in the Black Belt. Sandy reflects on his departure from Tempy, his school principal's encouragement, and the familiar voices of Stanton's old folks like Sister Johnson.

## Themes in this chapter

### The Search for Identity and Ambition

Sandy leaves Stanton seeking opportunity in Chicago, but the city's gritty reality clashes with his dreams of grandeur.

### Family and Generational Conflict

Sandy's reunion with Annjee is marked by a strange silence and the gap of five years; Tempy's strict expectations contrast with Sandy's desire for independence.

### Poverty and Survival

Annjee works in a hair dressing parlor and lives in a cramped room; Sandy must work to help support them.

## Character check-ins

### Sandy

Travels to Chicago, reunites with his mother, and begins adjusting to city life.

### Annjee

Meets Sandy at the station, has aged and grown heavier; works in a hair dressing parlor and lives in a small room on Wabash Avenue.

### Tempy

Sandy's aunt who packed his lunch and expressed concern about Chicago's influence on him.

### Sister Johnson

Visited by Sandy before his departure; shares local gossip and news about Willie-Mae and others.

### Jimboy

Mentioned as Sandy's father, serving in France during the war; Annjee has not heard from him in seven months.

### Mr. Prentiss

Sandy's former employer who was sorry to see him leave, calling him the best boy he ever had.

## Key lines

> I guess there won't be many like that in Chicago, he thought, as he doubled back his long legs under the green-plush seat of the day coach.

Sandy reflects that the colorful, rambling conversations of old folks in Stanton are unlikely to be found in Chicago.

_Shows Sandy's awareness of cultural differences between Stanton and the big city._

> A strange and unexpected silence seemed to come between them. Annjee had been away from her son for five growing years and he was no longer her baby boy.

The long separation has created an awkward distance between mother and son.

_Highlights the emotional cost of the Great Migration on family bonds._

> He hadn't expected the great city to be monotonous and ugly like this and he was vaguely disappointed. No towers, no dreams come true!

Sandy's idealized vision of Chicago is shattered by the grim reality of warehouses and tenements.

_Captures the theme of disillusionment in the search for a better life._

## Links

- HTML: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/not_without_laughter_se/chapters/xxviii-chicago
- Book: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/not_without_laughter_se
- All chapters: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/not_without_laughter_se/chapters