# XII: The Divinity That Doth Hedge a King explained — Marius the Epicurean

> Chapter companion for Marius the Epicurean by Walter Pater.

## What happens

Marius witnesses the ovation of Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus in Rome, observing the emperor's asceticism, pontifical seriousness, and the contrast with Verus's more hedonistic character. He attends Aurelius's discourse before the Senate, which dwells on the vanity of worldly success and the grandeur of Rome in ruin.

## Themes in this chapter

### The Search for Moral Principle and Right Conduct

Aurelius's asceticism and Stoic philosophy are highlighted, emphasizing modesty, simplicity, and the sacrifice of body to soul.

### Death, Mortality, and the Hope of Afterlife

Aurelius's discourse focuses on contempt for the world and the epitaphs of ages, reflecting on the transience of life and Rome's grandeur in ruin.

### Epicurean Philosophy and the Pursuit of Pleasure

Marius's internal reflection contrasts Aurelius's asceticism with the Epicurean pursuit of pleasure, as seen in Verus's hedonistic character.

## Character check-ins

### Marius

Observes the imperial procession and Aurelius's demeanor, reflecting on his own Epicurean philosophy and the contrast between Aurelius and Verus.

### Marcus Aurelius

Central figure of the ovation; noted for his asceticism, pontifical abstraction, and discourse on contempt for the world.

### Lucius Verus

Co-emperor walking beside Aurelius, described as youthful and reminiscent of the god Dionysus, contrasting with Aurelius's seriousness.

### Cornelius Fronto

Mentioned as a band of knights among whom Cornelius (likely Fronto's son or associate) is present in military array.

### Faustina

Empress seated with her ladies in the Senate to listen to Aurelius's discourse.

## Key lines

> Dignify thyself with modesty and simplicity for thine ornaments!

Adorn yourself with modesty and simplicity.

_A maxim of Aurelius, reflecting his Stoic emphasis on inner virtue over external display._

> Principes instar deorum esse

Princes are as gods.

_Tacitus's phrase, cited to illustrate the literal sense of royal sanctity under Aurelius._

> nothing is either great nor small

Nothing is inherently great or small.

_A voice from Marius's Epicurean theory, suggesting a relativism that could find fulfillment in minor details like the folding of a toga._

## Links

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- All chapters: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/marius_the_epicurean_se/chapters