# Chapter XLII explained — Short Works

> Chapter companion for Short Works by Epictetus.

## What happens

Epictetus advises on how to respond to ill-treatment or slander, arguing that the offender acts from their own sense of duty and is the one harmed by their own mistaken judgment.

## Themes in this chapter

### Dichotomy of Control

Focuses on controlling one's judgment and reaction to others' actions, which are external and not up to us.

### Acceptance of Nature and Fate

Advises accepting that others act according to their own nature and perceptions, which is a fact to be accepted, not fought.

## Character check-ins

### Epictetus

The author providing the core instruction on how to interpret and respond to the harmful actions of others.

## Key lines

> When any person treats you ill or speaks ill of you, remember that he does this or says this because he thinks that it is his duty.

When someone wrongs or insults you, understand they are acting based on what they believe is right.

_Establishes the foundational premise for a reasoned, non-reactive response._

> If you proceed then from these opinions, you will be mild in temper to him who reviles you: for say on each occasion, It seemed so to him.

If you adopt this understanding, you will remain calm toward your critic, simply noting, 'That's how it appeared to him.'

_Provides the practical outcome and mental phrase for maintaining equanimity._

## Links

- HTML: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/epictetus_short_works_se/chapters/xlii
- Book: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/epictetus_short_works_se
- All chapters: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/epictetus_short_works_se/chapters