# XXXIX explained — Analects

> Chapter companion for Analects by Confucius.

## What happens

Confucius describes the various reasons why men of worth retire from the world, from particular states, because of disrespectful looks, or because of contradictory language.

## Themes in this chapter

### The Superior Man

This passage highlights the discernment and integrity of the superior man, who knows when to retire from the world, a state, or a ruler based on ethical considerations.

## Character check-ins

### Confucius

The Master explains the different circumstances under which worthy men withdraw from the world or from service.

## Key lines

> Some men of worth retire from the world.

There are virtuous individuals who withdraw from society altogether.

_This indicates a complete retreat from public life._

> Some retire from particular states.

Others leave a specific country or region.

_This suggests a more targeted withdrawal from a particular political entity._

> Some retire because of disrespectful looks.

Some depart when they are treated with contempt or discourtesy.

_This highlights the importance of proper respect and ritual in Confucian thought._

> Some retire because of contradictory language.

Some withdraw when they encounter conflicting or unreasonable speech.

_This points to the value placed on sincerity and consistency in communication._

## Links

- HTML: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/analects_se/chapters/xxxix
- Book: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/analects_se
- All chapters: https://www.betterreads.online/discover/analects_se/chapters